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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Geomorfologiâ i paleogeografiâ</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Geomorfologiâ i paleogeografiâ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Геоморфология и палеогеография</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2949-1789</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1797</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">689292</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S2949178925020086</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">GQCNLT</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>ГЕОМОРФОЛОГИЯ ГОР И ПРЕДГОРИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Bedia landslide site in eastern Abkhazia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Бедийский оползневой район в восточной Абхазии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Eremenko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Еременко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>eremenkoeaig@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhiba</surname><given-names>R. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жиба</surname><given-names>Р. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="AB">Abkhazia</country></address><email>eremenkoeaig@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fuzeina</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фузеина</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>eremenkoeaig@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Neshenko</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нешенко</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="AB">Abkhazia</country></address><email>eremenkoeaig@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaraiskiy</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарайский</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>eremenkoeaig@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dbar</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дбар</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="AB">Abkhazia</country></address><email>eremenkoeaig@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова, географический факультет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Ecology, Academy of Sciences of Abkhazia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт экологии Академии наук Абхазии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>56</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>292</fpage><lpage>306</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-14"><day>14</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-08-14"><day>14</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-09-04"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/2949-1789/article/view/689292">https://journals.eco-vector.com/2949-1789/article/view/689292</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the results of geomorphological studies of the area of widespread landslide processes in the upper reaches of the Okhodzha River basin (right tributary of the Okum River, Black Sea basin). The characteristics of the geological and geomorphological conditions and factors that contributed to the occurrence of a large landslide in January 2021 are given. It has been established that the main type of landslides within the Bedia site are landslide flows developing along the roof of Eocene and Oligocene (Khadum horizon and Maikop Formation) claystones. The thickness of landslide bodies ranges from to 34–78 m. The slope cover is mainly subject to displacement, including the bodies of previous landslides. It is shown that the main condition determining the development of landslide processes is the position of the Bedia landslide site at the junction of the water-logged carbonate rocks of Cretaceous age exposed along the Southern macroslope of the Greater Caucasus, and denuded foothills composed of the Paleogene clayey rocks. The landslides are triggered by prolonged precipitation and facilitated by the coincidence of the slope and the bedrock dip direction on the left slope of the Okhodzha River valley. Due to the large-scale development of landslide processes accompanied by erosion, an erosion-landslide badland was formed on the left bank of the Okhodzha River. The most unstable areas, not recommended for land-use due to periodic landslide movements, are the slopes of small valleys – left tributaries of the Okhodzha River, as well as their wide bottoms filled with landslide deposits. According to the main features of the geological and geomorphological structure, the studied area is similar to the Novoafonsky, Eshersky and Macharsky landslide areas previously described in scientific literature. Economic development of these territories should include not only constructive measures to protect against landslides (retaining walls, artificial terracing, etc.), but also the installation of drainage systems to reduce the water saturation of slope deposits and the water content at the base of the slope.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Приведены результаты геоморфологических исследований района широкого развития оползневых процессов в верховьях бассейна р. Оходжи (правый приток р. Окум, бассейн Черного моря). Дана характеристика геолого-геоморфологических условий и факторов, способствовавших сходу крупного оползня в январе 2021 г. Установлено, что основным типом в пределах Бедийского участка являются вязкопластичные оползни-потоки, развивающиеся по кровле и в верхней части толщи глинистых пород эоцена и олигоцена (майкопской свиты и хадумского горизонта); мощность оползневых тел составляет от 3 до 8 м. Смещению подвергается преимущественно склоновый чехол, в том числе оползневые тела предшествующих подвижек. Показано, что главным условием, определяющим развитие оползневых процессов, является положение Бедийского участка в зоне сочленения южного макросклона Большого Кавказа, сложенного водоносными толщами карбонатных (известняки, доломиты) и терригенно-карбонатных (мергели) пород меловой системы, и палеогеновых глинистых пород холмистых предгорий. Оползание провоцируют затяжные осадки, а способствует ему совпадение экспозиции левого склона долины р. Оходжи и направления падения слоев коренных пород. Вследствие широкого развития оползневых процессов и сопутствующей эрозии на левобережье р. Оходжи сформировался эрозионно-оползневый бедленд. Наиболее неустойчивыми участками, не рекомендованными к освоению, являются склоны долин левых притоков р. Оходжи, а также их широкие днища, заполненные деляпсием. По основным чертам геолого-геоморфологического строения изученный участок похож на ранее описанные в научной литературе Новоафонский, Эшерский и Мачарский оползневые районы. Хозяйственное освоение этих территорий должно предусматривать не только меры по защите от оползней (подпорные стенки, искусственное террасирование и пр.), но и устройство дренажных систем для снижения водонасыщенности склоновых шлейфов и обводненности их приподошвенной зоны.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>landslides</kwd><kwd>foothills</kwd><kwd>Maikop suite</kwd><kwd>Khadum horizon</kwd><kwd>Paleogene clays</kwd><kwd>Eastern Black Sea region</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оползни-потоки</kwd><kwd>холмогорья</kwd><kwd>майкопская свита</kwd><kwd>хадумский горизонт</kwd><kwd>палеогеновые глины</kwd><kwd>Восточное Причерноморье</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство РФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>121040100323-5</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adamia S.A., Chkhotua T.G., Gavtagze T.T. et al. 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