China: society and cultureChina: society and culture2782-36522949-1398Eco-Vector8180610.17816/Ch81806Research ArticlePeriodization of the Northern Song Emperor Huizong’s Reign (1100–1126)KozhukhovAlexander Yu.norenoren@yandex.ruNational Research University «Higher School of Economics»10062022111031140410202104102021Copyright © 2022, Kozhukhov A.Y.2022<p>This article is devoted to the reign of the de facto last Emperor of the Northern Song, Huizong. In particular, it deals with the question of how the periodization of the reign, based on mottos that were declared during the reign of the Emperor coincides with the theoretical periodization, based on the model of political struggle, as well as the question of whether the mottos of the reign can be considered as political institutions that include an official announcement of a change of political course. The dynamics of internal political processes, based on the analysis of the corresponding chapters of the historical chronicle of Song Shi, is demonstrated. As a result of the research, some discrepancies were revealed between the periodization based on the dynamics of internal political processes and the periodization using mottos, in particular, there were more mottos than the stages outlined during the research 6 and 5, respectively, a brief description of each stage is given.</p>Medieval ChinaEast AsiaNorthern Song Empirepolitical processperiodization of reignСредневековый КитайВосточная Азияимперия Северная Сунполитический процесспериодизация правления中世纪的中国东亚北宋帝国政治进程政权阶段[Levine AD. The Reigns of Hui-tsung (1100–1126) and Ch’in-tsung (1126–1127) and the Fall of the Northern Sung. In: The Cambridge History of China. Vol. 1: The Sung Dynasty and Its Precursors 907–1279. Twitchett D, Smith PJ, editors. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2009;1:556–644.][Ebrey PB. Emperor Huizong. New York: Harvard University Press; 2014. P:471–474.][Kravtsova ME. Imperiya Severnaya Sun. In: History of China: from Ancient Period to the Beginning of the XXI Cent. Vol. 4: The Period of the Five Dynasties, the Song Empire, the States of Liao, Jin, XI Xia (907–1279). Moscow: Nauka; 2016;4:137–273. (In Russ).][Komarov DA. Dynamics of Change of Regional Elites at the Court of the Northern Song Emperors. Society and State in China. 2012;42(3):75–77. (In Russ).][Komarov DA. Bureaucracy in the Northern Song: Forming a New Type of Elite and Changing Development Paradigms. Society and State in China. 2013;43(1):205–221. (In Russ).][Bashkeev VV, Ulyanov MYu, Tseluyko MS. Podkhody k issledovaniyu politicheskikh protsessov v opisanii drevnei i srednevekovoi istorii Kitaya i stran Yugo-Vostochnoi Azii. In: Otgolosok proshedshego v budushchem. Moscow: Izdatelstvo PSTGU; 2012. P:47–71. (In Russ).][Tseluyko MS. Political Institutions of the Ancient East Asia in the Chunqiu Period (VII–V B.C.): Between the Internal and External Politics). Journal of Dmitry Pozharsky University. 2019;(3):204–222. (In Russ).][Song shi. Chinese Text Project. Available from: https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=en&res=975976. (In Chinese)][Deopik DV. Opyt kolichestvennogo analiza drevnei vostochnoi letopisi “Chun Qiu”. In: Kovalchenko ID. Mathematic Methods in Historical, Economic and Cultural Studies. Мoscow; 1977. P:143–187. (In Russ).]