Providing with training of IT-personnel for high-tech industrial enterprises in the digitalization of social-economic systems

Abstract

The paper is focused on studying issues of IT education, training IT personnel and implementing an IT career in the industrial and economic segment, taking into account the current paradigm of Industry 4.0 and preparation for the formation of Industry 5.0. The scheme of the implementing the stages of education and / or advanced training of employees in the digitalization of industrial and economic systems has been compiled and analyzed . We identified problems related to the lack of vocational education in the personnel elevator.

Full Text

I. Introduction

At the beginning of the XXI century, transformation processes of digitalization of all systems of society’s life take place at the world level: in social-economic structures, in the industrial and financial sectors. In connection with these trends, it becomes essential to plan and provide with training of digital personnel with the competencies of high-tech specialists able to work in the new IT vector and to meet all the requirements of employers in the existing information technology space, in the exogenous and endogenous environment of the employee’s workplace.

The paper aims to develop an career elevator for providing digital personnel for the IT industry, to consider all levels of education with examples of leading educational institutions in the areas of training highly qualified specialists which posess  information and communication technology competencies and are in demand in today's labor market.

The research basis included tools and methods aimed at studying ergonomic processes in a tender with digitalization of personnel, especially, system-centric and environment-oriented approaches, as well as classic methods: a hypothetical-deductive method of scientific knowledge, a method of analysis and comparison and a method of graphical modeling.

Polemic issues regarding the planning and personnel training, the level of the education and the necessary degree of qualification have been conducted among scientists from time immemorial. The topic of studying digitalization of personnel is research worth and is presented in the works of both Russian scientists [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] and foreign authors [6, 7, 8, 9].

II. The concept

This study combines such versatile components as: “man - technology – society”. Thereby the authors are intended to consider the synergy of these subjects through the prism of a cognitive philosophy, namely to present the interaction of human resources, technological processes and social environment in the context two cycles of Society 4.0 and Society 5.0 since the main object of the present study is personnel and their vector of digital development in the industry 4.0 paradigm and the transition to Industry 5.0 (Table 1).

Table 1. Characteristics of Society 4.0 and Society 5.0 in terms of personnel digitalization [11]

Depending on the work performed	Society 4.0 (2011-2015)	Society 5.0 (2016 – now)
Industrial Production staff	- Acting of an individual to optimize a workplace by means of applying the information and communication technologies. - Finding solutions to individual problems related to job search restrictions due to social-demographic characteristics.	- Modernizing the society through merging the cyberspace and the real world. - Developing the human labor on the global Internet, ensuring the processes of safe activities. - Lacking the socio-demographic barriers, no age / gender restrictions. - Ensuring human well-being in society through developing social, environmental, informational and economic potential of the real and financial sectors.
Administrative staff	- Human working with a computer on the Internet (Consistent, but not safe). - Emerging the informatization process in the workplace.	- Modernizing the society through merging the cyberspace and the real world. - Working via the Internet in a safe manner. - Operating new resources, among them information, which allows to reach a new level of development of society, technologies, etc. in general, and to develop the quality of life of an individual and his professional capabilities in particular.

After a comparative analysis of Table 1, we highlight the  features of the fifth stage of digitalization of personnel: a new level of digital capabilities, a high degree of convergence of cyberspace and the physical environment, ensuring of sustainable economic growth and security processes of human interaction with the information space.

Because of the expansion of digital resources in modern society, it is possible to implement the priority projects to modernize the personnel system by introducing the  information and communication technologies and artificial intelligence. The interaction of cyberspace and physical space gives a start in the development of an individual’s dialog with a mass audience, with work in the information segment, with a large amount of data, a new level of human-labor capabilities with technical and technological support of the enterprise.

The best personnel development in the priority digital vector is impossible without the education and advanced training of specialists in the field of information and communication technologies.

By 2024, the Government of the Russian Federation intends to bring about a comprehensive digital transformation of the Russian economy and social sphere. For this purpose, it is necessary to develop at the legislative level the regulation and provision of digital technologies for real sector entities, to modernize the digital infrastructure, to implement digital practices in all key areas of the economy and public administration, as well as to organize personnel training for the transition period [12].

According to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 2, 2019 No. 234 The National Program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation”, there has been drawn up a scheme for implementing the education and advanced training system aimed at providing with highly qualified specialists in the field of digitalization. The scheme is presented in Fig. 1.

Fig 1. A personnel elevator for providing high-tech industrial enterprises in the digitalization of social-economic systems with IT-workers[14]

Analysis of Fig. 1. allows us to conclude that at each stage of the education process, the personnel development begins in the aspect of its “digitization”. An individual will be able to study and track the development of the digital economy and information and communication technologies, to interpret the data and to forecasts the development of social-economic processes, to develop and to apply in practice algorithms for working with a large volume of databases, to combine a programming language, mathematical modeling and social-economic processes when solving non-standard managerial tasks [13]. All these competencies are provided to graduates of leading higher educational institutions who in turn work in the fields of training bachelor, master and postgraduate students in the concept of training highly-qualified IT-specialists.

Among the popular training programs related to the IT industry, it is necessary to note: “Information Management Systems”, “Information Systems and Technologies in Business” (St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”); “Digital Innovation in Enterprise Management” (HSE); “Secure High-Performance Computing Systems” (NRNU MEPhI); “Applied informatics in enterprise management” (FEFU) as well as other master programs, for example  "Conceptual design and engineering to improve energy efficiency" (PNRPU) [13].

There are the actual disciplines supported by partner enterprises: “Information systems and digital content processing technologies”, “Information and automated information processing and management systems”, “Information technologies in the media industry and design”, “Augmented and virtual reality technologies in the media industry” (“Moscow Polytechnic University"). It should be noted a number of enterprises where the students of leading engineering universities of the country have a practical training. In the future these graduates are hired by these enterprises, so the following high-tech companies are already providing themselves with IT-specialists: the state corporation ROSTEKH, JSC ROSELECTRONIKA, JSC Scientific Research Institute of Software, Concern Okeanpribor JSC, Scientific and Engineering Center of St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University JSC, Public Business Solutions, Software, Translating company, ABBYY and many other organizations (see Fig. 1).

Notable is that there is no stage of a vocational education, namely training at colleges and technical schools in the scheme, which, firstly, negatively affects the entire education  and training system in the digital segment and, secondly, these graduates cannot acquire decent knowledge as IT-staff taking into account up to date and onrush technologies. The curricula of colleges and technical schools contain only basic disciplines related to information and communication technologies. The same problem is noted at the level of school education: it is significant for the most schools with the exception of specialized secondary education institutions shown in the diagram (see Fig. 1) where the students of primary classes obtain optional lessons related to new IT technologies and licensed software. These schools are attracting leading university employees to deliver the IT-subjects to high school students. A positive determinant of the lack of a level of a vocational education in a personnel elevator can only be the authorities' desire to stimulate high school graduates to enter the country's leading engineering universities.

III. Conclusion

The paper carried out an integrated approach of the stages of a personnel digitalization and a comparative analysis of Society 4.0 and Society 5.0. We have compiled and analyzed the scheme of the implementing the stages of education and / or advanced training of employees in the digitalization of industrial and economic systems. There were identified problems related to the lack of vocational education in the personnel elevator.

The paper aimed to fully and comprehensively formulate the opinions of specialists in the social-economic, industrial and educational sectors on the trends and prospects of digitalization of personnel at its various stages, to familiarize themselves with the main IT-curricula that contribute to the modernizing the personnel during automation and “digitization” of the workplace, as well as to acquaint with positive and negative factors in the existing training system.

This paper will be of special interest to the students whose future profession would be related to information and communication technologies, to specialists in the field of digitalization of personnel, to administrative and managerial personnel, and also to employees of the human resources department in connection with their responsibilities for finding applicants for vacant jobs and for advanced training of company employees.

The digitalization of personnel and the preparation of society for this program is the most important process in the modern world. The influence of digitalization trends leads to changes in all structures of the society. It was the national program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” that was especially developed to adapt to digital technologies and to improve digital literacy. The presence of highly qualified and educated IT-specialists in the country is an excellent opportunity for Russia to improve its position in the digital industrial and economic market.