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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pharmacy Formulas</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pharmacy Formulas</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Формулы Фармации</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2713-153X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-1602</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">112225</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/phf112225</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Pharmaceutical Sciences</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Фармацевтические науки</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Evaluation of the effect of <italic>Cassia fistula</italic> L. extracts on the muscle contraction intensity using an <italic>ex vivo</italic> model</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка влияния экстрактов <italic>Cassia fistula</italic> L. на интенсивность мышечных сокращений с использованием <italic>ex vivo</italic> модели</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9673-7872</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">36629222300</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ranadive</surname><given-names>Kiran Ramchandra</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ранадив</surname><given-names>Киран Рамчандра</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IN">India</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.Sc., Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Botany</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистр, доктор философии, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>M.Sc., Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Botany</p></bio><email>ranadive.kiran@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Jagtap</surname><given-names>Neeta Vijayrao</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джагтап</surname><given-names>Неета Виджайрао</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IN">India</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M. Sci. and M. Phil., Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистр, ассистент, химический факультет</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>M. Sci. and M. Phil., Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry</p></bio><email>neetuvj7@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Jagtap</surname><given-names>Pradnya Nilesh</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джагтап</surname><given-names>Прадня Нилеш</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IN">India</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M. Pharm., Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистр фармакологии, доцент, кафедра фармакологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>M. Pharm., Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology</p></bio><email>pnj1511@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0999-5644</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAV-6556-2020</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3128-7451</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Perelygin</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перелыгин</surname><given-names>Владимир Вениаминович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medicine (MD), Professor, Head of the Industrial Ecology Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой промышленной экологии</p></bio><email>vladimir.pereligin@pharminnotech.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0720-501X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAS-9156-2021</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7818-7228</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zharikov</surname><given-names>Mikhail V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жариков</surname><given-names>Михаил Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Master’s Degree Student of the Department of Industrial Ecology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистрант кафедры промышленной экологии</p></bio><email>zharikov.mihail@pharminnotech.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3927-2527</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56521442400</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">I-1523-2013</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4155-3190</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zmitrovich</surname><given-names>Ivan V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Змитрович</surname><given-names>Иван Викторович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D.Sc. in Biology, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Systematics and Geography of the Fungi</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории систематики и географии грибов</p></bio><email>iv_zmitrovich@mail.ru</email><uri>https://binran.ru/sotrudniki/4926/</uri><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sanjay</surname><given-names>Gaikwad Dattatray</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Санджай</surname><given-names>Гайквад  Даттатрай</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IN">India</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M. Pharmacology, Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистр фармакологии, доцент, Кафедра химии</p></bio><email>gsanjayin@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Annasaheb Magar Mahavidyalaya College</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Колледж Аннасахеб Магар Махавидьялая</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Annasaheb Magar Mahavidyalaya College</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Waghira College</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Колледж Уэгхира</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Waghira College</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">SGRS P.D.E.A. College of Pharmacy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Фармацевтический колледж SGRS P.D.E.A</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">SGRS P.D.E.A. College of Pharmacy</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный химико-фармацевтический университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ботанический институт им. В. Л. Комарова РАН</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">College of Arts, Commerce and Science</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Колледж искусств, торговли и науки</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-11-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-07-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>10</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-10-31"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-11-03"><day>03</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Ранадив К.Р., Джагтап Н.В., Джагтап П.Н., Перелыгин В.В., Жариков М.В., Змитрович И.В., Санджай Г.Д.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Ранадив К.Р., Джагтап Н.В., Джагтап П.Н., Перелыгин В.В., Жариков М.В., Змитрович И.В., Санджай Г.Д.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2022,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ранадив К.Р., Джагтап Н.В., Джагтап П.Н., Перелыгин В.В., Жариков М.В., Змитрович И.В., Санджай Г.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ранадив К.Р., Джагтап Н.В., Джагтап П.Н., Перелыгин В.В., Жариков М.В., Змитрович И.В., Санджай Г.Д.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/PharmForm/article/view/112225">https://journals.eco-vector.com/PharmForm/article/view/112225</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Cassia fistula</italic> L. is a Fabaceae representative that has long been used in traditional medicine. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of <italic>Cassia fistula</italic> L. herbal extracts in the form of solutions of a certain concentration on the smooth muscles of the intestine of the animal. The design of the experiment involved the identification of raw materials, their drying, grinding, extraction of soluble fractions, purification of aqueous, ethereal (diethyl ether) and ethanol extracts and their testing on the tissues of the ileum of the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus L.) extracted <italic>ex vivo</italic>.</p> <p>The ethereal, alcoholic and aqueous extracts of <italic>Cassia fistula</italic> L. fruits showed to exhibit high relaxation activity compared to the control relaxation stimulants, whereas the leaf extracts showed a more modest relaxing activity. A similar situation was observed in testing extracts of young shoots, with aqueous extracts showing even more modest results, while alcohol and ethanol extracts of young shoots performed better than the corresponding leaf extracts, and the most modest results in terms of a dose sufficient for a physiological response was demonstrated by root extracts.</p> <p>The initial assessment of the activity of <italic>Cassia fistula</italic> L. extracts makes it possible to identify as the most promising for further chemical study the pools of substances concentrated in the ethanol fruits extract exhibiting the minimum effective dose, in the ether extracts of fruits and bark demonstrating the shortest reaction time, and in the aqueous extracts of young shoots and cortex showing the highest percentage increase in the activity compared to the control.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Кассия дудчатая (<italic>Cassia fistula </italic>L.) – растение из семейства бобовых (<italic>Fabaceae</italic>), издавна использующееся в традиционной медицине. Целью настоящего исследования является оценка воздействия экстрактов растительного сырья <italic>Cassia fistula</italic> L. в виде специальных химических растворов определенной концентрации на гладкую мускулатуру кишечника животного.</p> <p>Дизайн эксперимента предполагал идентификацию растительного сырья, его сушку, измельчение, экстрагирование растворимых фракций, очистку водного, эфирного и этанолового экстрактов и их испытание на тканях подвздошной кишки курицы домашней, извлеченных <italic>ex vivo</italic>.</p> <p>Далее определялась реакция экспериментальной ткани на воздействие экстрактов и контрольных релакс-стимуляторов.</p> <p>Для исследований отбирался материал кур вида <italic>Gallus gallus</italic> L. (<italic>Gallus gallus domesticus</italic> L.) (курица индийская, или банкивская, или домашняя).</p> <p>Было показано, что эфирный, этаноловый и водный экстракты плодов <italic>Cassia fistula</italic> L. проявляли в целом высокую релаксирующую активность в сравнении с контрольными релакс-стимуляторами, экстракты листьев проявляли более скромную релаксирующую активность, подобная ситуация наблюдалась в ходе тестирования экстрактов молодых побегов, причем водные экстракты показали еще более скромные результаты, в то время как спиртовой и этаноловый экстракты молодых побегов проявили себя лучше, чем соответствующие экстракты листьев, а наиболее скромные результаты с точки зрения дозы, достаточной для физиологического ответа, продемонстрировали экстракты корней.</p> <p>Проведенная первичная оценка активности экстрактов <italic>Cassia fistula</italic> L. позволяет выделить в качестве наиболее перспективных для дальнейшего химического изучения пулы веществ, концентрирующихся в этаноловом экстракте плодов, проявляющем минимальную эффективную дозу, в эфирных экстрактах плодов и коры, демонстрирующих наименьшее время реакции и в водных экстрактах молодых побегов и коры, демонстрирующих наивысший процент приращения активности в сравнении с контролем.</p> <p>В ходе исследования мы получили качественные и количественные результаты по сокращению гладкой мускулатуры в тканях подвздошной кишки курицы, что позволило нам оценить эффект воздействия водных экстрактов материалов <italic>Cassia fistula</italic> L. и определить прогноз фармакологического профиля лекарственного средства.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Cassia fistula L.</kwd><kwd>biologically active substances</kwd><kwd>medicines</kwd><kwd>vegetable raw materials</kwd><kwd>aqueous extracts of the plant</kwd><kwd>ileum of domestic chicken</kwd><kwd>traditional medicine</kwd><kwd>chamber for isolated tissues</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кассия дудчатая (Cassia fistula L.)</kwd><kwd>биологически активные вещества</kwd><kwd>лекарственные средства</kwd><kwd>растительное сырье</kwd><kwd>водные экстракты растения</kwd><kwd>подвздошная кишка курицы домашней</kwd><kwd>традиционная медицина</kwd><kwd>камера для изолированных тканей</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG), Andrella, G. 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