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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Family Doctor</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Family Doctor</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский семейный врач</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-1668</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2331</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">704835</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/RFD704835</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">KSUGXY</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальное исследование</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Hidden demographic burden and cluster-oriented planning as an approach to geriatric care development in Russian regions</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Скрытая демографическая нагрузка и кластерно-ориентированное планирование как подход к развитию гериатрической помощи в регионах России</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0857-1786</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3168-2568</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapteva</surname><given-names>Ekaterina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лаптева</surname><given-names>Екатерина Сергеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>Ekaterina.Lapteva@szgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8754-2870</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6545-5911</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ariev</surname><given-names>Alexander L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арьев</surname><given-names>Александр Леонидович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>alex.l.ariev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7199-671X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khurtsilava</surname><given-names>Otari G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хурцилава</surname><given-names>Отари Гивиевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>rektorat@szgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-06-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>78</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-23"><day>23</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-05-18"><day>18</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2026,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-06-25"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/RFD/article/view/704835">https://journals.eco-vector.com/RFD/article/view/704835</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Demographic aging in the Russian Federation shows marked regional variation. The existing geriatric care system uses the administrative age criterion, which creates a mismatch with biological aging and leads to the phenomenon of “hidden demographic burden.” A uniform approach to geriatric care planning ignores regional differences.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To provide a scientific basis for transitioning to cluster-oriented geriatric care planning by validating the concept of “hidden demographic burden.”</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> The study had two stages. Stage 1 was a cohort study of demographic trends in Saint Petersburg (2019–2024) with scenario forecasting (2025–2030). Stage 2 was a multicenter cross-sectional study with cluster analysis of 12 Russian regions. We also analyzed population-based frailty screening data (<italic>n</italic> = 378,631). Bootstrap stability analysis, cross-validation, and sensitivity analysis were performed.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> In 2024, for the first time in Saint Petersburg, the biological (60+) group exceeded the administrative group by 31.6 thousand people. Population screening showed an exponential rise in frailty prevalence with age. K-means clustering identified three regional clusters: “Depressive” (<italic>n</italic> = 8), “Urbanized” (<italic>n</italic> = 3), and “Special Conditions” (<italic>n</italic> = 1). The silhouette coefficient was 0.41, indicating a satisfactory structure. Bootstrap analysis confirmed high stability for Cluster 1 (Jaccard = 0.89) and good stability for Cluster 2 (Jaccard = 0.76).</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> These findings support the “hidden demographic burden” concept and justify a shift to cluster-oriented geriatric care planning. A key limitation is the small sample size for cluster analysis, which requires validation of the typology on a larger sample.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Демографическое старение в Российской Федерации характеризует выраженная региональная неравномерность. Существующая система организации гериатрической помощи ориентирована на административный критерий возраста, что приводит к его рассогласованию с реальными биологическими процессами старения и формированию феномена скрытой демографической нагрузки. Унифицированный подход к планированию гериатрической помощи не учитывает региональную специфику.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования.</bold> Научно обосновать переход к кластерно-ориентированному планированию гериатрической помощи на основе верификации концепции скрытой демографической нагрузки.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> Исследование выполнено в два этапа. Первый этап — когортное исследование демографической динамики Санкт-Петербурга (2019–2024 гг.) с элементами сценарного прогнозирования (2025–2030 гг.). Второй этап — многоцентровое одномоментное исследование с кластерным анализом 12 регионов России. Дополнительно проанализирован популяционный скрининг старческой астении. Проведены bootstrap-анализ устойчивости, кросс-валидация и анализ чувствительности.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> В 2024 г. в Санкт-Петербурге впервые зафиксировано превышение биологической группы лиц в возрасте 60 лет и старше над административной группой на 31,6 тыс. человек. Популяционный скрининг выявил экспоненциальный рост распространенности старческой астении с возрастом. Методом k-средних выделены три кластера регионов: депрессивный (<italic>n</italic>=8), урбанизированный (<italic>n</italic>=3) и особые условия (<italic>n</italic>=1). Коэффициент силуэта — 0,41 (удовлетворительная структура). Bootstrap-анализ подтвердил высокую устойчивость первого кластера и хорошую устойчивость второго (коэффициенты Жаккара составили 0,89 и 0,76 соответственно).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Получены данные в поддержку концепции скрытой демографической нагрузки. Обоснована необходимость перехода к кластерно-ориентированному планированию гериатрической помощи. Малый объем выборки для кластерного анализа требует валидации типологии на расширенной выборке.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>geriatric care</kwd><kwd>hidden demographic burden</kwd><kwd>cluster analysis</kwd><kwd>regional typology</kwd><kwd>healthcare management</kwd><kwd>cross-sectional study</kwd><kwd>frailty screening</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гериатрическая помощь</kwd><kwd>скрытая демографическая нагрузка</kwd><kwd>кластерный анализ</kwd><kwd>региональная типология</kwd><kwd>управление здравоохранением</kwd><kwd>старение населения</kwd><kwd>скрининг старческой астении</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Polikarpov AV, Sankova MV, Golubev NA, et al. Characteristics of territorial planning models in healthcare. 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