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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Military Medical Academy Reports</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Military Medical Academy Reports</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Известия Российской Военно-медицинской академии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2713-2315</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2323</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">167873</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/rmmar167873</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Aortic dissection: computed tomography characterization of the true and false lumen in acute and chronic stages</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Диссекция аорты: характеристики истинного и ложного просветов в острую и хроническую стадии при компьютерной томографии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6791-518X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">908089</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3115-7430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadykova</surname><given-names>Gulnaz K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садыкова</surname><given-names>Гульназ Камальдиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Ph.D. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>kokonya1980@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7383-512X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">653711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zheleznyak</surname><given-names>Igor S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Железняк</surname><given-names>Игорь Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., D.Sc. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>igzh@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1888-277X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">259416</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8639-8139</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Amosov</surname><given-names>Victor I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амосов</surname><given-names>Виктор Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., D.Sc. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>vikt-amosov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0037-2854</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">425550</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2794-6820</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryazanov</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рязанов</surname><given-names>Владимир Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., D.Sc. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>79219501454@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4131-6293</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">779096</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4389-9374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagnenko</surname><given-names>Sergey S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багненко</surname><given-names>Сергей Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., D.Sc. (Medicine); Associated Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>bagnenko_ss@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9799-4616</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">222247</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2893-9880</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ipatov</surname><given-names>Victor V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ипатов</surname><given-names>Виктор Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Ph.D. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>mogidin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3677-8765</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">876001</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6793-1985</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Latysheva</surname><given-names>Anastasiya Ya.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Латышева</surname><given-names>Анастасия Яковлевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Ph.D. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>vaska.petrova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Military Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И.П. Павлова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Centre of Oncology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-05-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>42</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-01-31"><day>31</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-03-01"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/RMMArep/article/view/167873">https://journals.eco-vector.com/RMMArep/article/view/167873</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aortic dissection is a longitudinal rupture of the aorta associated with the destruction of the middle layer of the aortic wall, the separation of intima and adventitia and the formation of two lumens, which is an urgent condition requiring emergency surgical care. The presented illustrated literature review is devoted to the differentiation of true and false lumens in the acute and chronic stages of aortic dissection during computed tomography.</p> <p>The article summarizes and systematizes the experience of computed tomography diagnostics in aortic dissection based on data available in domestic and foreign publications, as well as the results of their own clinical observations. We have identified the main and secondary signs detected by computed tomography in cases of aortic dissection.</p> <p>The most important and unambiguously indicative of false lumen in classical acute and chronic aortic dissection are the larger size of the false lumen, the sign of a “beak” and the sign of a “web”. Other signs, such as calcification of the aorta, changes in the curvature and thickness of the intimal medial flap, the “Mercedes-Benz” symptom, the presence of thrombotic masses, the characteristics of the interposition of the lumens and the “wind indicator” symptom are less constant, however, a careful analysis of the totality of all secondary signs allows you to give important diagnostic information and characterize as fully as possible the manifestations significant for a cardiovascular surgeon dissections of the aorta.</p> <p>A cumulative analysis of computed tomographic signs in cases of aortic dissection will help a practicing radiologist not only distinguish the true lumen from the false aorta, but also determine the stage of the process based on their characteristics, which affects the tactics of complex treatment, especially with atypical dissection.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Диссекция аорты — это продольный разрыв аорты, связанный с разрушением среднего слоя стенки аорты, разъединением интимы и адвентиции и формированием двух просветов, являющийся ургентным состоянием, требующим оказания экстренной хирургической помощи. Представленный иллюстрированный обзор литературы посвящен дифференциации истинного и ложного просветов в острую и хроническую стадии диссекции аорты при компьютерной томографии.</p> <p>В статье обобщен и систематизирован опыт компьютерно-томографической диагностики при диссекции аорты на основании данных, имеющихся в отечественных и зарубежных публикациях, а также результатов собственных клинических наблюдений. Нами выделены главные и второстепенные признаки, выявляемые при компьютерной томографии при диссекции аорты.</p> <p>Наиболее важными и однозначно указывающими на ложный просвет при классической острой и хронической диссекции аорты являются больший размер ложного просвета, признак «клюва» и признак «паутины». Остальные признаки, такие как кальциноз аорты, изменения кривизны и толщины интимомедиального лоскута, симптом «Merсedes-Benz», наличие тромботических масс, характеристики взаиморасположения просветов и симптом «ветроуказателя» менее постоянны, однако внимательный анализ совокупности всех второстепенных признаков позволяет дать важную диагностическую информацию и максимально полно охарактеризовать значимые для сердечно-сосудистого хирурга проявления диссекции аорты.</p> <p>Совокупный анализ компьютерно-томографических признаков при диссекции аорты поможет практикующему врачу лучевой диагностики не только отличить истинный просвет от аорты ложного, но и на основании их характеристик определить стадию процесса, что влияет на тактику комплексного лечения, особенно при атипично протекающей диссекции.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute aortic dissection</kwd><kwd>aortic wall</kwd><kwd>chronic aortic dissection</kwd><kwd>computed tomography</kwd><kwd>contrast enhancement</kwd><kwd>false aortic lumen</kwd><kwd>true aortic lumen</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>истинный просвет аорты</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>контрастное усиление</kwd><kwd>ложный просвет аорты</kwd><kwd>острая диссекция аорты</kwd><kwd>стенка аорты</kwd><kwd>хроническая диссекция аорты</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thelen M, Erbel R, Kreitner K-F, Barkhausen J. 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