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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Military Medical Academy Reports</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Military Medical Academy Reports</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Известия Российской Военно-медицинской академии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2713-2315</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2323</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">528480</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/rmmar528480</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Informativeness of the doppler twinkling artifact in the diagnosis of urinary tract calculi</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Информативность допплеровского артефакта мерцания в диагностике конкрементов мочевыводящих путей</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0037-2854</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2794-6820</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryazanov</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рязанов</surname><given-names>Владимир Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., D.Sc. (Medicine); Assotiated Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>79219501454@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6791-518X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3115-7430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadykova</surname><given-names>Gulnaz K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садыкова</surname><given-names>Гульназ Камальдиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Ph.D. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>kokonya1980@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7383-512X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1450-5053</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zheleznyak</surname><given-names>Igor S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Железняк</surname><given-names>Игорь Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., D.Sc. (Medicine); Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>igzh@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9755-1906</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5760-0218</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutsenko</surname><given-names>Valeriy P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куценко</surname><given-names>Валерий Петрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Ph.D. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>val9126@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0726-1809</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6982-7498</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Libert</surname><given-names>Angelina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Либерт</surname><given-names>Ангелина Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6<sup>th</sup> grade student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка 6-го курса</p></bio><email>angelinalbrt@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0523-9411</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8686-1597</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Postanogov</surname><given-names>Roman A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Постаногов</surname><given-names>Роман Анатольевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>radiologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-рентгенолог</p></bio><email>r.a.postanogov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1057-5048</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>Natalya Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Наталья Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Ph.D. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>kznnataly@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0590-9906</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2779-4372</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stolova</surname><given-names>Emiliya N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Столова</surname><given-names>Эмилия Наумовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Ph.D. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>emilinast@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Military Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Scientific Research Institute of Pulmonology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт пульмонологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-10-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>42</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>285</fpage><lpage>292</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-07-02"><day>02</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-07-15"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2023,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/RMMArep/article/view/528480">https://journals.eco-vector.com/RMMArep/article/view/528480</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The kidney stone disease (nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis) is a common urological problem that affects both adults and children and has a high recurrence rate. Early and reliable imaging diagnosis of urolithiasis is important for early pain relief and the avoidance of complications that require surgical intervention. Non-contrast computed tomography is considered the method of choice in the diagnosis of urolithiasis, however, this method is associated with exposure to ionizing radiation. Ultrasound diagnostics or sonography, in contrast, is considered as the method of early diagnosis of urolithiasis that is widely spread, highly accessible and does not use ionizing radiation. Recently, the attention of sonographers has been attracted by the so-called twinkling artifact or the artifact of the “colored comet tail”, which occurs in the Doppler color flow mapping behind a calculus in the urinary tract. The twinkling artifact is a phenomenon of a rapid change (“twinkle”) of red and blue behind the calculus. Among adult patients, the artifact shows high sensitivity in finding urinary stones, but at the same time a high level of false-positive results. However, the sensitivity of the artifact in children is higher than in adults, whereas the rate of false-positive findings is much lower. According to many authors, the sensitivity and specificity of the twinkling artifact as an independent diagnostic sign of urolithiasis are both very heterogeneous, especially compared to non-contrast computed tomography. Nevertheless, the artifact is known to increase the diagnostic efficiency in stone detection to more than 90%. We believe that the twinkling artifact in the Doppler color flow mapping should always be considered as an additional diagnostic tool, which is complementary to B-mode ultrasonography and increases its sensitivity and specificity.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Мочекаменная болезнь (нефролитиаз, уролитиаз) является распространенной урологической проблемой, обладающей высокой частотой рецидивов и затрагивающей как взрослое, так и детское население. Для своевременного купирования болевого синдрома и во избежание развития осложнений, требующих оперативного вмешательства, важна ранняя и достоверная визуализационная диагностика уролитиаза. Методом выбора в диагностике мочекаменной болезни считается бесконтрастная компьютерная томография, однако необходимо помнить, что этот метод сопряжен с воздействием ионизирующего излучения. В отличие от него, ультразвуковая диагностика рассматривается как метод ранней диагностики уролитиаза, отличающийся широкой распространенностью, доступностью и отсутствием воздействия ионизирующего излучения. В последние годы внимание врачей ультразвуковой диагностики обратил на себя так называемый артефакт мерцания, или артефакт «цветного хвоста кометы», возникающий в режиме цветового допплеровского картирования позади конкремента в мочевыводящих путях. Артефакт мерцания представляет собой феномен в виде быстрой смены (мерцания) красного и синего цветов позади конкремента. Среди взрослых пациентов артефакт мерцания показывает высокую чувствительность в определении конкрементов, но одновременно с этим высокий уровень ложноположительных результатов. При этом чувствительность артефакта мерцания у детей выше, чем у взрослых, а доля ложноположительных находок значительно ниже. По данным ряда авторов, чувствительность и специфичность артефакта мерцания как самостоятельного диагностического признака уролитиаза показывают высокую гетерогенность, особенно по сравнению с бесконтрастной компьютерной томографией, однако он повышает достоверность ультразвукового исследования в обнаружении конкрементов в среднем до более чем 90 %. Мы считаем, что артефакт мерцания при цветовом допплеровском картировании всегда должен рассматриваться как дополнительный диагностический инструмент, комплементарный ультразвуковому исследованию в B-режиме, повышающий его чувствительность и специфичность.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>colored comet tail” artifact</kwd><kwd>computed tomography</kwd><kwd>doppler color flow mapping</kwd><kwd>doppler twinkling artifact</kwd><kwd>ultrasound diagnostics</kwd><kwd>urinary tract calculi</kwd><kwd>urolithiasis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артефакт мерцания</kwd><kwd>артефакт «цветного хвоста кометы»</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>конкременты мочевыводящих путей</kwd><kwd>мочекаменная болезнь</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковая диагностика</kwd><kwd>цветовое допплеровское картирование</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nabheerong P, Kengkla K, Saokaew S, Naravejsakul K. 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