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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Military Medical Academy Reports</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Military Medical Academy Reports</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Известия Российской Военно-медицинской академии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2713-2315</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2323</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">611153</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/rmmar611153</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Features of blast-induced traumatic brain injury</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности черепно-мозговой травмы вследствие воздействия взрывной волны</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1239-9796</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">JFK-5264-2023</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9295-5923</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikishin</surname><given-names>Vasiliy O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никишин</surname><given-names>Василий Олегович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>vo1009@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-3011</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">35734354000</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">F-9120-2013</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6112-2792</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinenko</surname><given-names>Igor' V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвиненко</surname><given-names>Игорь Вячеславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., D.Sc. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>litvinenkoiv@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7039-2423</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">8390739200</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">I-8567-2016</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3996-2007</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Naumov</surname><given-names>Konstantin M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наумов</surname><given-names>Константин Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M. D., Ph. D. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>naumov_k@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Military Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="kk"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="pt"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Military Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-09" publication-format="electronic"><day>09</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>42</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>451</fpage><lpage>458</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-22"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-10-27"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/RMMArep/article/view/611153">https://journals.eco-vector.com/RMMArep/article/view/611153</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Traumatic brain injury, despite its prevalence and study, is the most urgent issue of medicine in clinical, social and military-medical significance. In Russia, about 500 thousand people receive a traumatic brain injury every year, and the damage to the country’s economy exceeds 500 billion rubles a year. Traumatic brain injury is damage by mechanical energy to the skull and intracranial contents (brain, meninges, vessels, cranial nerves), accompanied by clinical symptoms and, in most cases, morphological changes. Recently, blast-induced traumatic brain injury has acquired particular importance, which is due to the change in modern tactics of warfare and the predominance of explosive trauma in the structure of all injuries. The features of blast-induced traumatic brain injury are associated with a variety of factors affecting a person (shock wave, light, heat radiation, fragments, etc.). Such a multifactorial effect on a person makes it difficult to identify a blast-induced traumatic brain injury, especially a brain concussion. This is due to a possible combination of damage to different organs and systems of a person during an explosion, which can simulate or mask a brain concussion. When diagnosing a traumatic brain injury, it is especially important to assess the circumstances and information from witnesses of the event, which often presents a certain complexity in the conditions of hostilities. Currently, methods for detecting symptoms of instability, visual and disorders of other sensory systems involved in maintaining balance are considered as a promising direction for the diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury. It is also important to note that patients who have suffered a traumatic brain injury have a risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases. All this further emphasizes the relevance of traumatic brain injury and the existing need to develop an optimal algorithm for the examination of such patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Черепно-мозговая травма, несмотря на распространенность и изученность, является актуальнейшим вопросом современной медицины в клиническом, социальном и военно-медицинском значении. В России ежегодно около 500 тыс. человек получают черепно-мозговую травму, а ущерб для экономики страны превышает 500 млрд руб. в год. Черепно-мозговая травма — это повреждение механической энергией черепа и внутричерепного содержимого (головного мозга, мозговых оболочек, сосудов, черепных нервов), сопровождающееся клинической симптоматикой и в большинстве случаев морфологическими изменениями. В последнее время особое значение приобрела черепно-мозговая травма вследствие взрыва, что обусловлено изменением современной тактики ведения боевых действий и преобладанием взрывной травмы в структуре всех повреждений, увеличением в структуре раненых количества гражданских лиц. Особенности черепно-мозговой травмы вследствие взрыва связаны с многообразием факторов, воздействующих на человека (ударная волна, световое, тепловое излучение, осколки и т. д.). Такое многофакторное воздействие на человека затрудняет идентификацию черепно-мозговой травмы вследствие взрыва, в особенности сотрясения головного мозга. Это происходит из-за возможного сочетания повреждений разных органов и систем человека при взрыве, которые могут имитировать или маскировать сотрясение головного мозга. При диагностике черепно-мозговой травмы особенно важно оценить обстоятельства и информацию от свидетелей события, что зачастую представляет определённую сложность в условиях боевых действий. В настоящее время в качестве перспективного направления для диагностики легкой черепно-мозговой травмы рассматриваются методы выявления симптомов неустойчивости, зрительных и нарушений других сенсорных систем, участвующих в поддержании равновесия. Также важно отметить, что у пациентов, перенесших черепно-мозговую травму, существует риск развития нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Все это дополнительно подчеркивает актуальность черепно-мозговой травмы и необходимость разработки оптимального алгоритма обследования таких пациентов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>brain concussion</kwd><kwd>explosive trauma</kwd><kwd>imbalance</kwd><kwd>mild traumatic brain injury</kwd><kwd>multimodal sensor evoked potentials</kwd><kwd>optical coherence tomography</kwd><kwd>sensor systems</kwd><kwd>traumatic brain injury</kwd><kwd>vestibular hypofunction</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вестибулярная гипофункция</kwd><kwd>взрывная травма</kwd><kwd>легкая черепно-мозговая травма</kwd><kwd>мультимодальные сенсорные вызванные потенциалы</kwd><kwd>нарушение равновесия</kwd><kwd>оптическая когерентная томография</kwd><kwd>сенсорные системы</kwd><kwd>сотрясение головного мозга</kwd><kwd>черепно-мозговая травма</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Machinskiy PA, Ul’yankin VE, Kemaykin SP, et al. 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