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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Military Medical Academy Reports</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Military Medical Academy Reports</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Известия Российской Военно-медицинской академии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2713-2315</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2323</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">637084</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/rmmar637084</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Mosquitoes (Diptera: <italic>Culicidae</italic>) are vectors of vector-borne infections in South Vietnam (materials of the spring expedition 2024)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Комары (Diptera: <italic>Culicidae</italic>) — переносчики трансмиссивных инфекций в Южном Вьетнаме (материалы весенней экспедиции 2024 г.)</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>越南南部传播媒介蚊虫（双翅目: 蚊科）—2024年春季考察资料</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5498-0479</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57204178016</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">L-6478-2016</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8311-6296</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gudkov</surname><given-names>Roman V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гудков</surname><given-names>Роман Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Gudkov</surname><given-names>Roman V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Infectious Diseases (with a course in medical parasitology and tropical diseases)</p>
<p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры инфекционных болезней (с курсом медицинской паразитологии и тропических заболеваний)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor of the Department of Infectious Diseases (with a course in medical parasitology and tropical diseases)</p></bio><email>gudkoff@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3731-1756</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57204171140</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2502-8831</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovyov</surname><given-names>Aleksey I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьев</surname><given-names>Алексей Иванович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Solovyov</surname><given-names>Aleksey I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><email>solopiter@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4398-7525</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56924908500</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">H-9944-2013</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7927-9076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>Konstantin V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>Константин Вадимович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>Konstantin V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD., D.Sc. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. мед. наук, профессор </p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD., D.Sc. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>kosttiak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8408-5301</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">36185599800</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5437-3457</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikov</surname><given-names>Dmitriy V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинников</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Валерьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Ovchinnikov</surname><given-names>Dmitriy V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD., Ph.D. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD., Ph.D. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><email>izvestiavmeda@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6286-9946</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3570-2580</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maltsev</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мальцев</surname><given-names>Олег Вениаминович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Maltsev</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD., Ph.D. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD., Ph.D. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>olegdzein@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0468-0165</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">54890504800</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">H-6303-2016</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4140-6250</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukachev</surname><given-names>Vitaliy S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сукачев</surname><given-names>Виталий Сергеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sukachev</surname><given-names>Vitaliy S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD., Ph.D. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD., Ph.D. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>dr.sukachev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8774-5467</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">IAO-0519-2023</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4073-6487</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ariukov</surname><given-names>Artem R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арюков</surname><given-names>Артем Русланович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Ariukov</surname><given-names>Artem R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>arukov.artem@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5900-9008</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9855-9483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanenko</surname><given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романенко</surname><given-names>Владимир Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Romanenko</surname><given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>jeepers98creepers@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9085-1287</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2511-4127</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakin</surname><given-names>Aleksandr I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ракин</surname><given-names>Александр Ильич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Rakin</surname><given-names>Aleksandr I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>rakinalex@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6035-5933</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Luong</surname><given-names>Mo Thi</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лыонг</surname><given-names>Мо Тхи</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Luong</surname><given-names>Thi</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="VN">Viet Nam</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Chemistry)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. хим. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Chemistry)</p></bio><email>luongmo@vrtc.org.vn</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0091-5369</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nguyen</surname><given-names>Nam Van Thanh</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нгуен</surname><given-names>Нам Ван Тхань</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Nguyen</surname><given-names>Nam Van Thanh</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="VN">Viet Nam</country></address><email>xungcavn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4845-8770</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tran</surname><given-names>Truong Van</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чан</surname><given-names>Чыонг Ван</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Tran</surname><given-names>Truong Van</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="VN">Viet Nam</country></address><email>truongleky@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1091-6135</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nguyen</surname><given-names>Hiep Van</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нгуен</surname><given-names>Хиеп Ван</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Nguyen</surname><given-names>Hiep Van</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="VN">Viet Nam</country></address><email>hiepbio81@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7846-7600</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fan</surname><given-names>Bien Van</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фан</surname><given-names>Биен Ван</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Fan</surname><given-names>Bien Van</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="VN">Viet Nam</country></address><email>phanbienln@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Military Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Military Medical Academy</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Southern Branch</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Южное отделение совместного Российско-Вьетнамского Тропического научно-исследовательского и технологического центра</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Southern Branch</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bù Gia Mâp National Park</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный парк Бу За Мап</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Bù Gia Mâp National Park</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>43</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>447</fpage><lpage>455</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-15"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-10-29"><day>29</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/RMMArep/article/view/637084">https://journals.eco-vector.com/RMMArep/article/view/637084</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold>: Blood-sucking mosquitoes are carriers of many human vector-borne diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, protozoa and helminths. There are the results of entomological studies of the Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technology Center.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold>: is to study the generic and species composition of mosquitoes in South Vietnam before the rainy season, when mosquito activity is low.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS</bold>: The collection of arthropods was carried out from May 12 to 26, 2024 in two regions of South Vietnam: the coastal mangrove reserve in the Can Gio area of Ho Chi Minh City, as well as in the Bu Gia Map Reserve of Binh Phuoc province. Imago was collected by exhusters “on themselves” and from feeders, entomological nets from plants, as well as inside and outside residential and outbuildings. The larvae were collected by filtering water samples from natural and artificial reservoirs where mosquitoes lay eggs. Arthropods were identified by morphological features.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold>: The analysis of the collected material in two regions of South Vietnam showed that before the rainy season, mosquitoes of the genus <italic>Culex</italic> predominate 90.7%, mosquitoes of the genus <italic>Anopheles</italic> and <italic>Aedes</italic> account for 6.1% and 3.2%, respectively.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION</bold>: Thus, in South Vietnam, at the end of the “dry season”, mosquitoes of the genus <italic>Culex</italic> predominate, adapted to development in conditions of reduced breeding sites. The study of the mechanisms of functioning of parasitic systems involving blood-sucking mosquitoes requires further research with the expansion of the research area. It is advisable to conduct entomological monitoring in various landscape and climatic zones during different periods of the epidemic season.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность</bold>. Кровососущие комары являются переносчиками множества трансмиссивных заболеваний человека, вызываемых вирусами, бактериями, простейшими и гельминтами. Представлены результаты энтомологических исследований, проводимых в соответствии с планом работы Совместного Российско-вьетнамского тропического научно-исследовательского и технологического центра.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold>: предварительная оценка структуры родового состава переносчиков наиболее актуальных и социально значимых трансмиссивных инфекций на территории Южного Вьетнама в период низкой активности комаров, предшествовавший сезону дождей.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Сбор членистоногих проводился в период с 12 по 26 мая 2024 г. в двух регионах Южного Вьетнама: прибрежный биосферный заповедник мангровых зарослей в районе Кан Зьо (Can Gio) города Хошимин, а также территория заповедника Бу За Мап (Bu Gia Map) провинции Бинь Фыок (Binh Phuoc). Отлов имаго кровососущих двукрылых проводился при помощи эксгаустеров методом «сбора на себе» и с прокормителей, с использованием энтомологических сачков с растений, а также с внутренних и внешних поверхностей жилых и хозяйственных построек. Преимагинальные стадии собирались путем фильтрации проб воды из естественных и искусственных водоемов, пригодных для выплода комаров. Идентификацию членистоногих проводили по морфологическим признакам.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. Анализ собранного материала в двух регионах Южного Вьетнама показал, что перед началом дождливого сезона среди комаров — переносчиков возбудителей трансмиссивных заболеваний преобладают комары рода Culex 90,7 %, на долю комаров родов <italic>Anopheles</italic> и <italic>Aedes</italic> приходится 6,1 и 3,2 % соответственно.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Таким образом, анализ полученных данных может свидетельствовать о том, что в регионах Южного Вьетнама видовой состав переносчиков на исходе сухого сезона характеризуется преобладанием комаров рода <italic>Culex</italic>, адаптированных к развитию и сохранению численности в условиях сокращения мест, пригодных для выплода. Изучение механизмов функционирования паразитарных систем с участием кровососущих комаров требует дальнейших исследований с расширением их зоны. Целесообразно проведение энтомологического мониторинга в различных ландшафтно-климатических зонах с учетом непрерывного сезона передачи возбудителей трансмиссивных заболеваний.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p><bold>背景</bold>。吸血蚊是多种人类传播疾病的媒介，这些疾病由病毒、细菌、原生动物和蠕虫引起。本文基于俄越热带科学研究与技术合作中心的工作计划，呈现了昆虫学研究的结果。</p> <p><bold>研究目的</bold>。初步评估越南南部地区在雨季前低蚊虫活跃期内，与主要社会相关性传播疾病相关的媒介属级组成结构。</p> <p><bold>材料和方法</bold>。2024年5月12日至26日，在越南南部的两个地区进行节肢动物采集：胡志明市干焦（Can Gio）地区的红树林沿海生物圈保护区，以及平福省（Binh Phuoc）布贾马普（Bu Gia Map）自然保护区。采样方法包括使用吸捕器进行“自体捕集”和哺血捕集，从植物表面及室内外建筑物表面采用昆虫网捕捉成蚊。此外，通过过滤自然和人工水体样本收集蚊幼虫的前期发育阶段样本。对节肢动物样本根据形态学特征进行鉴定。</p> <p><bold>结果</bold>。对越南南部两个地区采集材料的分析显示，在雨季开始前，传播疾病病原体的蚊虫中库蚊属（Culex）占比最高（90.7%），其次为按蚊属（Anopheles，6.1%）和伊蚊属（Aedes，3.2%）。</p> <p><bold>结论</bold>。研究结果表明，在越南南部旱季末期，传播媒介的种类组成以适应减少繁殖地条件的库蚊属为主。进一步扩大研究范围以研究血吸蚊参与的寄生系统运行机制具有重要意义。在不同景观和气候区进行昆虫学监测，以应对全年传播疾病病原体的特点，是十分必要的。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Aedes</kwd><kwd>Anopheles</kwd><kwd>blood-sucking mosquitoes</kwd><kwd>Culex</kwd><kwd>Culicidae</kwd><kwd>Malaria</kwd><kwd>South Vietnam</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Aedes</kwd><kwd>Anopheles</kwd><kwd>Culex</kwd><kwd>Culicidae</kwd><kwd>кровососущие комары</kwd><kwd>малярия</kwd><kwd>Южный Вьетнам</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>伊蚊</kwd><kwd>按蚊</kwd><kwd>库蚊</kwd><kwd>蚊科</kwd><kwd>吸血蚊</kwd><kwd>疟疾</kwd><kwd>越南南部</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malaria mosquitoes and their control on the territory of the Russian Federation: Methodological guidelines. 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