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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Military Medical Academy Reports</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Military Medical Academy Reports</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Известия Российской Военно-медицинской академии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2713-2315</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2713-2323</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">707347</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/rmmar707347</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">A mild dosage form based on 5-Fluorouracil with AgNPs nanoparticles obtained by a modified "green" synthesis based on Grifola frondosa for the treatment of precancerous skin conditions</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Мягкая лекарственная форма на основе 5-Фторурацила с наночастицами AgNPs, полученных модифицированным «зеленым» синтезом на основе Grifola frondosa для лечения предраковых состояний кожи</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-4419</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9785-0006</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnikov</surname><given-names>Alexander M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельников</surname><given-names>Александр Михайлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alexMM2001@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6199-9319</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">36853629800</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6297-2619</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>Alexander Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>Александр Юрьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Pharmacy, Professor, Head of the Department of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Ural State Medical University</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор фармацевтических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедры фармации и химии, ФГБОУ ВО Уральский государственный медицинский университет</p></bio><email>unitmp@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-8573</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57219992987</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAY-9419-2021</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1200-0562</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharova</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарова</surname><given-names>Елена Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kosheelena@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3906-8101</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">6603449787</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">K-1319-2013</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7041-7224</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Uimin</surname><given-names>Mikhail A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уймин</surname><given-names>Михаил Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>uimin@imp.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ural State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ботанический сад УрО РАН</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физики металлов им. М.Н. Михеева УрО РАН</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-07-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>45</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-05-11"><day>11</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-07-20"><day>20</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; , Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; , Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; ,</copyright-statement><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-08-16"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/RMMArep/article/view/707347">https://journals.eco-vector.com/RMMArep/article/view/707347</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Precancerous skin diseases, including actinic keratosis, remain an urgent problem of dermatooncology due to the high prevalence and risk of malignancy. The use of 5-fluorouracil in the form of topical forms is limited by pronounced side effects and insufficient selectivity of action, which necessitates the development of new dosage forms with improved pharmacological characteristics. The aim of the study was to develop a mild dosage form based on 5-fluorouracil with silver nanoparticles obtained by modified "green" synthesis using Grifola frondosa extract and to evaluate its physico-chemical and biopharmaceutical properties. 5-fluorouracil, excipients (polyethylene glycols, glycerin, hydroxypropyl cellulose, etc.) and Grifola frondosa mushroom extract were used in the work. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by the method of modified "green" synthesis using ascorbic acid. The study included spectrophotometric analysis, electron microscopy, determination of rheological characteristics, assessment of pH, uniformity of distribution, quantitative content of the active substance, as well as the study of stability and microbiological purity of the dosage form. It has been established that the obtained silver nanoparticles have a size of 220-250 nm and are characterized by stability. The developed mild dosage form has a homogeneous structure, optimal pH (6.8–7.2), pronounced thixotropic properties and satisfactory release rates of the active substance. It has been shown that the inclusion of silver nanoparticles and Grifola frondosa components contributes to the formation of a multilevel 5-fluorouracil delivery system, providing prolonged action and a potential reduction in toxicity. The compliance of the drug with the requirements of microbiological purity and stability has been established; the predicted shelf life is 24 months. As a result of the study, a new mild dosage form of 5-fluorouracil with silver nanoparticles obtained by the "green" synthesis method was developed and substantiated. The resulting drug is a promising delivery system with combined antitumor and antimicrobial effects, with improved technological and biopharmaceutical characteristics.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Предраковые заболевания кожи, включая актинический кератоз, остаются актуальной проблемой дерматоонкологии в связи с высокой распространённостью и риском малигнизации. Применение 5-фторурацила в виде топических форм ограничено выраженными побочными эффектами и недостаточной селективностью действия, что обуславливает необходимость разработки новых лекарственных форм с улучшенными фармакологическими характеристиками. Целью исследования являлась разработка мягкой лекарственной формы на основе 5-фторурацила с наночастицами серебра, полученными модифицированным «зелёным» синтезом с использованием экстракта Grifola frondosa, и оценка её физико-химических и биофармацевтических свойств. В работе использовали 5-фторурацил, вспомогательные вещества (полиэтиленгликоли, глицерин, гидроксипропилцеллюлоза и др.) и экстракт гриба Grifola frondosa. Наночастицы серебра синтезировали методом модифицированного «зелёного» синтеза с применением аскорбиновой кислоты. Исследование включало спектрофотометрический анализ, электронную микроскопию, определение реологических характеристик, оценку pH, равномерности распределения, количественного содержания действующего вещества, а также изучение стабильности и микробиологической чистоты лекарственной формы. Установлено, что полученные наночастицы серебра имеют размер 220–250 нм и характеризуются стабильностью. Разработанная мягкая лекарственная форма обладает однородной структурой, оптимальным pH (6,8–7,2), выраженными тиксотропными свойствами и удовлетворительными показателями высвобождения действующего вещества. Показано, что включение наночастиц серебра и компонентов Grifola frondosa способствует формированию многоуровневой системы доставки 5-фторурацила, обеспечивающей пролонгированное действие и потенциальное снижение токсичности. Установлено соответствие препарата требованиям микробиологической чистоты и стабильности; прогнозируемый срок годности составляет 24 месяца. В результате исследования разработана и обоснована новая мягкая лекарственная форма 5-фторурацила с наночастицами серебра, полученными методом «зелёного» синтеза. Полученный препарат представляет собой перспективную систему доставки с комбинированным противоопухолевым и антимикробным действием, обладающую улучшенными технологическими и биофармацевтическими характеристиками.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>5-fluorouracil, silver nanoparticles, green synthesis, Grifola frondosa, actinic keratosis, mild dosage form, nanomedicine.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>5-фторурацил, наночастицы серебра, зелёный синтез, Grifola frondosa, актинический кератоз, мягкая лекарственная форма, наномедицина.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Nayanathara, Umeka, et al. "Impact of the Core Architecture of Dual pH-Responsive Polymer Nanoparticles on Intracellular Delivery of Doxorubicin." 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