Vol 16, No 2 (2020)

Cover Page

Full Issue

Devices and methods for monitoring substances and materials

Methods of control of structure formation in the processes of high-temperature synthesis (review)

Dolmatov A.V.

Abstract

The paper provides an overview of modern methods for studying the dynamics of structure formation of materials. The analysis of the possibilities of dynamic electron microscopy methods and optical methods for controlling the structural-phase state of materials in high-temperature fast-flowing processes is carried out. Methods of pyrometry in the field of SHS, gas-thermal spraying of coatings, and additive synthesis of metal and ceramic products are considered. A review of a new non-contact method for measuring the temperature and spectral degree of blackness of materials is presented. The results of theoretical and experimental studies aimed at implementing the approach of pyrometric control of structure formation in high-temperature processes are presented. An example is given of complex studies of the dynamics of structural formations: metal-oxygen, metal-carbon, on the surface of a tungsten, molybdenum and tantalum foil heated by electric current in an inert gas medium. It compares the results of pyrometric studies with the microstructure and microelement composition of the phases of frozen samples. At the end of the work, a conclusion is drawn on the rational organization of the observation of structure formation in high-temperature synthesis processes from the point of view of constructing an automatic control system.

Yugra State University Bulletin. 2020;16(2):7-18
pages 7-18 views

Optical method for fuel atomization control using high-speed video

Eskov A.V., Kiryushin I.I.

Abstract

The article discusses the description of one of the optical methods for determining the parameters of fuel atomization in atmospheric conditions and recording the results using a high-speed video camera. The possibility of interpreting images of a fuel jet in development over time as the distribution of the concentration of a dispersed medium with a constant volume-surface diameter (Sauter), which is an optical method for controlling fuel atomization, is shown.

Yugra State University Bulletin. 2020;16(2):19-26
pages 19-26 views

Classification and analysis of instruments for measuring corrosion damage to internal surfaces of underground metal pipeline

Umbetov S.V., Pronin S.P.

Abstract

This paper presents a classification of corrosion damage to the inner surface of the pipeline, a comparative description of the effect of corrosion damage on the inner surface of metal pipes. The most common on the inner surfaces of a metal pipeline are ulcerative, pitting, intergranular, cracking, pitting, crevice and through corrosion. Methods and tools for controlling corrosion damage are presented, and their capabilities are analyzed. It is shown that the development of diagnostics of the inner surface of pipelines is on the path to creating robotic tools. Existing robotic devices today have disadvantages. Firstly, for some injuries, the presence of an operator at the place of passage of the pipeline is necessary, which does not exclude subjective diagnostics. Secondly, as a rule, methods require emergency excavations. Thirdly, they are narrowly targeted, they do not allow to diagnose all types of corrosion damage in general. In conclusion, a modular robotic complex is proposed, which combines a number of functions that exclude these shortcomings.

Yugra State University Bulletin. 2020;16(2):27-38
pages 27-38 views

Topical issues of the implementation of criminal law and criminological measures to reaction crime

Actual issues of calculating the term of imprisonment when set off the time of detention and house arrest

Avdeeva E.V.

Abstract

The subject of the study is to consider the issues regarding the set-off of the time spent in custody or house arrest at the time of punishment, both during the sentencing and during its execution.

The purpose of the study is to disclose the problematic issues of calculating the period of detention subject to offsetting the term of imprisonment, the beginning of the term of serving a sentence of imprisonment. The procedure for setting off the time spent by a person under house arrest until a court verdict comes into force is considered if a court imposes a sentence that is not related to isolation from society.

The main results of the study reflect problems in sentencing if the time of detention absorbs the sentence assigned to the defendant by the court, as well as the issues of applying preferential rules for setting off the time of detention in custody when sentencing for the totality of crimes and the totality of sentences, criminal of the law in time when the time in the sentence is set off, for crimes committed before July 14, 2018.

As a fundamental direction, the scientific and practical validity of the criminal law policy and legislative processes, the optimization of the implementation of the criminal law are noted.

Yugra State University Bulletin. 2020;16(2):91-98
pages 91-98 views

Countering iatrogenic crimes: criminal law and criminal procedure issues

Rozenko S.V., Igonina E.O.

Abstract

The article investigates problematic issues of criminal legal counteraction to iatrogenic crimes. Interpretation of industry regulations leads to the conclusion that in the process of procedural verification, the investigator does not have the right to receive information that constitutes a medical secret, which prevents the correct qualification of what was done. The qualification of iatrogenic crimes requires mandatory recourse to medical law. Opening the topic, we study the work of leading Russian specialists in the field of medicine and criminal law. The paper examines the problems of judicial and investigative practice on these criminal attacks. In the course of the study, the authors point to signs of medical errors and defects in the provision of medical care, which allow us to establish General circumstances that affect the exact qualification of the crime. It is proposed to fix in the Criminal code of the Russian Federation independent elements of crimes, that is, special provisions for medical workers, which will eliminate errors in qualification.

Yugra State University Bulletin. 2020;16(2):99-106
pages 99-106 views

Issues of victim behavior of citizens as an object of researches conducted by scientific collectives of border states

Kharmaev Y.V., Vasilyeva Z.A.

Abstract

In this article, the authors of the study determine the current problems of victimization of citizens of border states (Russia and Mongolia). This problem is relevant due to the fact that since 2014 a visa regime was lifted between two neighboring states, which predetermined an increased flow of tourists in both directions. In order to determine the factors of victimization of foreign citizens in the host country, the author used both general scientific and special methods of cognition, including comparative legal, statistical, systemic, documentary, etc. As a result of a study of special literature, statistical data of law enforcement agencies, materials of criminal cases, certain conclusions were drawn, the main directions of criminal attacks against foreign citizens were established, and preventive measures were identified on the nature of preventing or reducing such cases and minimizing criminal consequences in relation to foreign citizens in the territory of the Russian Federation.

Yugra State University Bulletin. 2020;16(2):107-111
pages 107-111 views

1.2/1.2.2 Mathematical Modeling and Information Technology (Technical Sciences)

Automation of the process to prepare a reference on teaching-methodical documentation of an educational program

Safonov E.I.

Abstract

The article describes the automation process of preparation references on educational and methodical documentation of educational program elaborated by Yugra State University teaching staff. Currently, all teachers fill in the reference manually in accordance with the working program of a discipline and a study plan. In such case there is a high probability of making mistakes, indicating unacceptable literature sources, insufficient number of publications and other shortcomings. The automation process of preparation references on educational and methodical documentation of educational program allows to fill in automatically more dynamic fields for a teacher. To automate the described process, it was decided to develop a web application. The authors provide an overview of analogues. The study of the automation system of IRBIS libraries and databases of the electronic catalog of Yugra State University library was carried out. The description of the technologies and languages used in the elaboration of the web application is given.

Yugra State University Bulletin. 2020;16(2):115-123
pages 115-123 views

2.6/2.6.17 Materials Science (Technical Sciences)

Mechanism of structural formation in the combustion wave of the Ni-Al system with strengthening additives

Cui H., Grigoryevskaya A.A., Gulyaev I.P.

Abstract

In the work, microstructures formed in the combustion wave of the Ni-Al system with hardening additives of high-temperature ceramic particles consisting of titanium diboride and corundum were studied. Microstructures and shapes vary depending on the content of ceramic additives in the NiAl matrix. Particles of TiB2 take the most diverse elementary forms, such as bars, plates, herringbones, regular cubic structures and cuboids. These results outline a real-time strategy of self-assembly processes to create diversified microstructures. Some grains of titanium diboride 2-5 μm in size are embedded in corundum clusters, and a small number of TiB2 particles are dispersed in the NiAl matrix. It is assumed that the higher the content of reinforcing additives, the more uniform the distribution of the ceramic skeleton will be present in the NiAl matrix.

Yugra State University Bulletin. 2020;16(2):41-49
pages 41-49 views

Synthesis and properties of halogen-containing macrocyclic anthraquinone imines – chemosensors for metal cations

Kudrevatykh A.A., Klimenko L.S.

Abstract

New crown-containing imines of 1-hydroxyanthraquinone with chlorine and fluorine atoms in the anthraquinone nucleus were synthesized. For the first time, the thermal and photochemical stages of synthesis are carried out in the solid state (without a solvent). The features of complexation of new chemosensors with cations of alkaline and alkaline earth metals were studied by spectrophotometry. It is shown that the introduction of halogen atoms in the anthraquinone nucleus leads to a significant spectral response. The obtained compounds are tested as components of test systems for visual determining the presence of alkaline earth metal cations in aqueous media.

Yugra State University Bulletin. 2020;16(2):50-56
pages 50-56 views

SH-synthesis of alumino-manganese alloy based on the Al-MnO3 system

Boronenko M.P., Milyukova I.V., Cheklov S.A.

Abstract

The work is devoted to the use of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis for producing aluminum-manganese alloy in the MnО3 – AI system. The experiment was carried out in a specially designed SHS reactor at various pressures with and without preliminary heating. The synthesized samples were studied by X-ray diffraction, metallographic, and X-ray spectral analysis; compression tests were performed. X-ray powder diffraction data showed the presence of intermetallic compounds of different stoichiometries: Al8Mn5, Al11Mn4, and Al6Mn. It was established that the main phase is the Al8Mn5 intermetallic compound. The structure of the sample has a needle structure. The alloy has a high hardness of structural components: from 624 HV to 934 HV.

High compressive strength and high hardness are evidence that the synthesized alloy is a direct competitor to hard alloys.

Yugra State University Bulletin. 2020;16(2):57-65
pages 57-65 views

Extremums at temperature dependencies physico-mechanical properties of iron, as a result of transformation in it at ~ 650ºс

Shakhnazarov K.Y.

Abstract

In the presented work on the basis of extrema on curves: efforts of resistance of draft, parameters of thin structure, metalgraphic structure depending on temperature and also numerous literary data on anomalies of physicomechanical properties of iron and staly transformation is declared at ~ 650 ºC. The research was conducted on samples from almost pure iron (0,008% C). An experiment (the metalgraphic research, the X-ray diffraction analysis, resistance to draft (Gleeble-3800) carried out through each 20 ºC.

Yugra State University Bulletin. 2020;16(2):66-70
pages 66-70 views

Computer molecular-dynamic simulation of shs microkinetics in the atomic structure with a checkerboard-like arrangement of nanoscale blocks of Ni and Al atoms

Jordan V.I., Shmakov I.A.

Abstract

The article presents the results of computer simulation of the propagation of the combustion wave of "self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS)" process in an atomic layered structure. In each layer of the structure, nanosized blocks of two types alternate: a block of the first type is composed as a packet of unit cells of Ni atoms, and a block of the second type is composed of a packet of elementary cells of Al atoms. In each pair of layers adjacent to each other, sequences of alternating blocks of two types are shifted relative to each other by one block, so the full layered structure of the layers with alternating blocks in them is associated with a “chessboard” pattern. Computer simulation of SHS in such a structure was carried out using the LAMMPS software package taking into account parallel computations, which uses the molecular dynamics method and the interatomic interaction potential in the “embedded atom" model (EAM). In addition to the LAMMPS package, the authors implemented program procedures for calculating the temperature and density profiles of the substance along the motion direction of the SHS combustion wave front, which made it possible to carry out temperature analysis of the SHS microkinetics (to estimate the velocity of the combustion wave front) and recognition of intermetallic phases in the reaction volume of the Ni-Al system when using the OVITO package.

Yugra State University Bulletin. 2020;16(2):71-77
pages 71-77 views

CFD-analysis of the interaction of particles with a surface in the conditions of suspension plasma spraying

Tambovtsev A.S., Belyaev V.V., Gulyaev I.P.

Abstract

Gas-thermal coating using suspensions and solutions of precursors allows to obtain promising functional coatings based on oxide ceramics with a controlled microstructure. CFD modeling of air plasma flows generated by the PNK-50 plasmatron in subsonic and supersonic operating modes (diameter of the nozzle 6, 8, 10 mm, gas flow rate of a plasma-forming gas 1 - 7 g / s, flow rate 500 - 2100 m / s). The interaction of single particles of the sprayed material with a size of 0.1 - 5 μm with the boundary layer of gas on the surface of the substrate (base) in the process of coating formation was studied, the values ​​of the speed of collision of particles with the base in various spraying modes were obtained. It is shown that the minimum particle size involved in coating formation is 0.5 - 1 μm.

Yugra State University Bulletin. 2020;16(2):78-88
pages 78-88 views

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