Ecological geneticsEcological geneticsЭкологическая генетика1811-09322411-9202Eco-Vector1582710.17816/ecogen17457-64Genetic toxicologyГенетическая токсикологияResearch ArticleMicronuclei in blood lumphocytes of existing and former coal miners: evaluation of the effect of anthracosilicosisМикроядра в лимфоцитах крови действующих и бывших угольных шахтеров: оценка влияния антракосиликозаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5534-20626277-4704DruzhininVladimir G.ДружининВладимир Геннадьевич
Russian Federation

Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Genetics

д-р биол. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой генетики

druzhinin_vladim@mail.ru7053-2507ApalkoSvetlana V.АпалькоСветлана Вячеславовна
Russian Federation

Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of Biobanking and Translational Medicine

канд. биол. наук, начальник сектора биобанкирования и трансляционной медицины

svetlana.apalko@gmail.com9000-9016BaranovaElizaveta D.БарановаЕлизавета Дмитриевна
Russian Federation

Student

Студент

laveivana@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7355-98822805-5700VolobaevValentin P.ВолобаевВалентин Павлович
Russian Federation

Junior Researcher

младший научный сотрудник

volobaev.vp@gmail.com9934-1286DrobchikTatiana Yu.ДробчикТатьяна Юрьевна
Russian Federation

Associate Professor, Department of Genetics

доцент, кафедра генетики

belayad@ngs.ru5360-4410LarionovAleksey V.ЛарионовАлексей Викторович
Russian Federation

Associate Professor, Department of Genetics

доцент, кафедра генетики

alekseylarionov09@gmail.comHillElena G.ХильЕлена Геннадьевна
Russian Federation

Doctor, Department of Occupational Pathology

врач, отделение профессиональной патологии

druzhinin_vladim@mail.ruChasovskikhElena V.ЧасовскихЕлена Владимировна
Russian Federation

Doctor, Department of Occupational Pathology

врач, отделение профессиональной патологии

druzhinin_vladim@mail.ruKemerovo State UniversityФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный университет»City Hospital No. 40СПбГБУЗ «Городская больница № 40» Курортного районаKemerovo State UniversityФедеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Кемеровский государственный университет»S.V. Belyaev Clinical HospitalГАУЗ Кемеровской области «Кемеровская областная клиническая больница им. С.В. Беляева»091220191512201917457643008201909122019Copyright ©; 2019, Druzhinin V.G., Apalko S.V., Baranova E.D., Volobaev V.P., Drobchik T.I., Larionov A.V., Hill E.G., Chasovskikh E.V.Copyright ©; 2019, Дружинин В.Г., Апалько С.В., Баранова Е.Д., Волобаев В.П., Дробчик Т.Ю., Ларионов А.В., Хиль Е.Г., Часовских Е.В.2019Druzhinin V.G., Apalko S.V., Baranova E.D., Volobaev V.P., Drobchik T.I., Larionov A.V., Hill E.G., Chasovskikh E.V.Дружинин В.Г., Апалько С.В., Баранова Е.Д., Волобаев В.П., Дробчик Т.Ю., Ларионов А.В., Хиль Е.Г., Часовских Е.В.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/15827

Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate the genotoxic risk in anthracosilicosis patients and in those with occupational exposure to coal dust.

Materials and methods. We studied micronuclei (MN) and other cytogenetic lesions in blood lymphocytes in three groups of men comparable in age: 74 coal miners suffering from anthracosilicosis (AS), 41 healthy miners, and 70 control donors.

Results. A significant increase in the frequency of MN was revealed with a simultaneous decrease in proliferative activity in samples of healthy and sick miners compared with the control. The level of MN in the lymphocytes of patients with AS significantly exceeded the corresponding indicator in the sample of healthy miners (1.22 ± 0.05% versus 1.03 ± 0.07%; p < 0.01). The age of the subjects and the status of smoking did not have a significant effect on the frequency of cytogenetic parameters.

Conclusion. AS in miners makes an additional contribution to the formation of DNA damage in lymphocytes. This contribution is probably due to oxidative stress accompanying inflammatory processes in pulmonary fibrosis. The results of the study also indicate the absence of differences in the frequency of MN when comparing subgroups of current and former miners. This means that the genotoxic effects in the lymphocytes of miners are able to persist for a long time after the termination of exposure by adverse factors in coal mining.

Изучали микроядра (МЯ) и другие цитогенетические повреждения в лимфоцитах крови, культивируемых с блоком цитокинеза в трех сопоставимых по возрасту группах мужчин: 74 угольных шахтеров, страдающих антракосиликозом (АС), 41 здорового шахтера, 70 контрольных доноров. Выявили достоверное увеличение частоты МЯ с одновременным снижением пролиферативной активности в выборках здоровых и больных шахтеров по сравнению с контролем. Уровень МЯ в лимфоцитах больных АС значимо превышал соответствующий показатель в выборке здоровых шахтеров (1,22 ± 0,05 % против 1,03 ± 0,07 %; p < 0,01). Возраст обследуемых и статус курения не имели значимого влияния на частоты цитогенетических показателей. Таким образом, наличие АС у шахтеров вносит дополнительный вклад в формирование МЯ в лимфоцитах. Этот вклад, вероятно, обусловлен окислительным стрессом, сопровождающим воспалительные процессы при легочном фиброзе. Результаты исследования указывают также на отсутствие различий в частоте МЯ при сравнении подгрупп действующих и бывших шахтеров. Это означает, что генотоксические эффекты в лимфоцитах шахтеров способны сохраняться длительное время после прекращения экспозиции неблагоприятными факторами угледобывающего производства.

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