Ecological geneticsEcological geneticsЭкологическая генетика1811-09322411-9202Eco-Vector241610.17816/ecogen11314-36ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleGenetic control of chlorophyll metabolismГенетический контроль метаболизмахлорофилловChekunovaElena MЧекуноваЕлена М

Deptartament of Genetics and Biotechnology

Кафедра генетики и биотехнологии биолого-почвенного факультета

Saint-Petersburg State UniversityСанкт-Петербургский государственный университет15092013113VOL 11, NO3 (2013)ТОМ 11, №3 (2013)143630032016Copyright ©; 2013, Chekunova E.M.Copyright ©; 2013, Чекунова Е.М.2013Chekunova E.M.Чекунова Е.М.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/2416

Chlorophylls (Chl) are unique tetrapyrrole molecules, essential not only for photosynthesizing organisms but for the whole Biosphere. Chlorophyll biosynthesis is closely connected with plant cell morphogenesis and photosynthetic reactions - storage and transferring of light energy. Pigment mutants of plant and microorganisms are successfully used for investigation of Chl biosynthesis and degradation pathways. The genetic approaches appeared to be very productive for identification of the genes, encoding the enzymes of Chl metabolism and for elucidation of the mechanisms there regulating. History, recent findings and evolution of genetic determination of Chl formation processes are presented in this review.

Хлорофиллы (ХЛ) — уникальные тетрапирролы, играющие ключевую роль не только в жизни фотосинтезирующих организмов, но и всей биосферы. Их биосинтез связан с морфогенезом растительной клетки и реакциями фотосинтеза — запасанием и передачей энергии света. Для изучения путей биосинтеза и деградации ХЛ широко используются пигментные мутанты растений и фотосинтезирующих микроорганизмов. Применение методов генетики и геномики позволило не только идентифицировать гены, контролирующие ферменты метаболизма ХЛ, но и изучать механизмы их регуляции. В обзоре представлены история и современное состояние исследований генетической детерминации и эволюции процессов хлорофиллобразования.

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