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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ecological genetics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ecological genetics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экологическая генетика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1811-0932</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-9202</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2458</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ecogen11250-57</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Somatic mutagenesis of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene from hippocampus of Wistar rats</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Соматические мутации в гене цитохрома b митохондриальной ДНК гиппокампа крыс линии Wistar</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Loshchenova</surname><given-names>Polina Sergeyevna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лощенова</surname><given-names>Полина Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>engineer, sector of mutagenesis and repair</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер 1 категории, сектор мутагенеза и репарации</p></bio><email>polilos@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogozin</surname><given-names>Igor Borisovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогозин</surname><given-names>Игорь Борисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>senior research scientist, Ph.D., sector of mutagenesis and repair</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. б. н., старший научный сотрудник, сектор мутагенеза и репарации</p></bio><email>rogozin@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rotskaya</surname><given-names>Uliana Nicolayevna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Роцкая</surname><given-names>Ульяна Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>researcher, sector of mutagenesis and repair</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник, сектор мутагенеза и репарации</p></bio><email>ulyanar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyarchuk</surname><given-names>Boris Arkadievich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малярчук</surname><given-names>Борис Аркадьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Laboratory of Genetics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. б. н., заведующий лаборатории генетики</p></bio><email>malyar@ibpn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nevinskiy</surname><given-names>Georgiy Aleksandrovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Невинский</surname><given-names>Георгий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of Laboratory, Ph.D., Laboratory of Repair Enzymes</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. х. н., заведующий лаборатории ферментов репарации</p></bio><email>nevinsky@niboch.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitsyna</surname><given-names>Olga Ivanovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицына</surname><given-names>Ольга Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of Sector, Ph.D., Sector of mutagenesis and repair</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. б. н., заведующая сектором мутагенеза и репарации</p></bio><email>sinitsyna@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Biological Problems of the North, Far Eastern Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт Биологических проблем Севера, Дальневосточное отделение РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины СО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2013-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 11, NO2 (2013)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 11, №2 (2013)</issue-title><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-03-30"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2013, Loshchenova P.S., Rogozin I.B., Rotskaya U.N., Malyarchuk B.A., Nevinskiy G.A., Sinitsyna O.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2013, Лощенова П.С., Рогозин И.Б., Роцкая У.Н., Малярчук Б.А., Невинский Г.А., Синицына О.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Loshchenova P.S., Rogozin I.B., Rotskaya U.N., Malyarchuk B.A., Nevinskiy G.A., Sinitsyna O.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лощенова П.С., Рогозин И.Б., Роцкая У.Н., Малярчук Б.А., Невинский Г.А., Синицына О.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/2458">https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/2458</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>One of the most interesting findings in Systems biology is the discovery of negative correlation between gene expression levels and evolutionary rates of genes. Biological explanations of this correlation are still debated. Recently the hypothesis of Drummond and Wilke became increasingly popular. The hypothesis suggests that errors of translation with subsequent misfolding of proteins are the universal factor limiting the rate of protein evolution because this misfolding causes premature cell death. The mitochondrial somatic mutations are the promising tool to examine this hypothesis: damaging mutations in a gene cannot cause the complete lack of the corresponding protein product because animal mitochondria contain many copies of chromosomes (5–15 copies per mitochondria) in somatic tissues. We analyzed somatic mutations in the mitochondrial cytb gene from hippocampus of Wistar rats. We did not find any indication of purifying selection in the cytb gene. Absence of selection does not support the Drummond-Wilke hypothesis which postulates strong purifying selection eliminating errors that cause protein misfolding. This result questions applicability of the Drummond-Wilke hypothesis to mitochodrial proteins.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Одним из самых интересных результатов в системной биологии является открытие отрицательной корреляция между скоростью эволюции белков и уровнем экспрессии генов. Природа этой корреляции остается предметом оживленных дискуссий. В последнее время широкое распространение получила гипотеза о том, что ошибки трансляции с последующими ошибками укладки белков являются основным универсальным ограничителем скорости эволюции белков, так как приводят к преждевременной гибели клетки – гипотеза Драммонда–Вилке. Анализ соматических мутаций в митохондриях является перспективным подходом для проверки этой гипотезы. Соматические ткани содержат от нескольких десятков до нескольких тысяч митохондрий, причем на каждую митохондрию приходится достаточно высокое число копий митохондриальной ДНК (мтДНК), и, следовательно, повреждающие мутации не могут приводить к полной потере продукта определенного гена. Мы провели анализ соматических мутаций в гене цитохрома b мтДНК из гиппокампа крыс линии Wistar. Выявленное нами отсутствие очищающего отбора в исследованном кодирующем районе мтДНК не подтверждает гипотезу Драммонда–Вилке о сильном очищающем отборе, элиминирующем ошибки, возникающие в процессе синтеза белков. Этот результат в значительной степени ставит под сомнение реалистичность данной гипотезы.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mitochondrial DNA</kwd><kwd>cytochrome b</kwd><kwd>nucleotide substitution</kwd><kwd>purifying selection</kwd><kwd>hippocampus</kwd><kwd>Wistar rats</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>митохондриальная ДНК</kwd><kwd>цитохром b</kwd><kwd>нуклеотидные замены</kwd><kwd>очищающий отбор</kwd><kwd>гиппокамп</kwd><kwd>линия крыс Wistar</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bastos A. D., Nair D., Taylor P. J. et al., 2011 Genetic monitoring detects an overlooked cryptic species and reveals the diversity and distribution of three invasive Rattus congeners in south Africa // BMC Genet. Vol. 12. P. 26.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Bjornerfeldt S., Webster M. T., Vila C., 2006. 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