Ecological geneticsEcological geneticsЭкологическая генетика1811-09322411-9202Eco-Vector247810.17816/ecogen13221-35ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleState regulation of the biotechnology (GM) agricultural products: analysis of different approaches in the worldГосударственное регулирование оборота биотехнологической (ГМ) сельскохозяйственной продукции: анализ различных подходов в мировой практикеYakovlevaIrina VladimirovnaЯковлеваИрина Владимировна

Sc. Researcher, Plant Systemsbiology laboratory

н. с., лаборатория системной биологии растений

iacgea@biengi.ac.ruVinogradovaSvetlana VladimirovnaВиноградоваСветлана Владимировна

Sc. Researcher (PhD), Phytopathology laboratory

к. б. н., н. с., лаборатория фитопатологии

sveta2506@bk.ruKamionskayaAnastasiya MikhaylovnaКамионскаяАнастасия Михайловна

Leading Sc. Researcher (PhD), Deputy Director

к. б. н., в. н. с., зам. директора по научной работе

akatio@biengi.ac.ruCentre «Bioengineering», Russian Academy of Sciences, Research Center of Biotechnology RASЦентр «Биоинженерия» РАН, ФИЦ Биотехнологии РАН15062015132VOL 13, NO2 (2015)ТОМ 13, №2 (2015)213530032016Copyright ©; 2015, Yakovleva I.V., Vinogradova S.V., Kamionskaya A.M.Copyright ©; 2015, Яковлева И.В., Виноградова С.В., Камионская А.М.2015Yakovleva I.V., Vinogradova S.V., Kamionskaya A.M.Яковлева И.В., Виноградова С.В., Камионская А.М.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/2478

Although GM crops are cultivated on 175 million hectares in 27 countries, the regulation of agricultural biotechnology is in its becoming. In the future, many countries, of course, will lead to market biotech products, and the main focus will be biosafety issues for humans and the environment. Some countries have special regulatory mechanisms, others do not have the original national regulatory system, but their actions are under the provisions of international treaties for the production and handling of GM products. What are the main components of a strict but not stifling regulatory system? What are the disadvantages of existing systems? The article presents an overview of the state regulation systems of biotech agricultural products in the US, the EU, Argentina, South Africa and Brazil.

Хотя ГМ культуры выращиваются на 181,5 миллионах гектаров в 28 странах мира, регулирование агробиотехнологии находится в стадии становления. В будущем, многие страны, несомненно, выведут на рынок биотехнологическую продукцию, и на первый план выходят вопросы ее биобезопасности для человека и окружающей среды. Некоторые страны установили специальные регуляторные механизмы, другие не имеют оригинальной национальной регуляторной системы, но приводят в исполнение положения международных договоров при производстве и обращении ГМ продукции. Каковы основные составляющие строгой, но не удушающей регуляторной системы? Каковы недостатки уже существующих систем? Представлен обзор систем государственного регулирования биотехнологической сельскохозяйственной продукции США, ЕС, Аргентины, ЮАР, Бразилии.

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