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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ecological genetics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ecological genetics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экологическая генетика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1811-0932</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-9202</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">42539</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ecogen42539</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Genetic basis of ecosystems evolution</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Генетические основы эволюции экосистем</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Grassflies of genus Meromyza (Diptera, Chloropidae) and grasses: the evolution of host plant preference</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Злаковые мухи рода Meromyza (Diptera, Chloropidae) и злаки (Poaceae): эволюция пищевых приоритетов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7802-6548</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Safonkin</surname><given-names>Andrey F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафонкин</surname><given-names>Андрей Феликсович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Scientific Researcher, Laboratory of Plant Genetics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, научный сотрудник, лаборатория генетики растений</p></bio><email>andrej-safonkin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goryunova</surname><given-names>Svetlana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горюнова</surname><given-names>Светлана Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Scientific Researcher, Laboratory of Plant Genetics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, научный сотрудник, лаборатория генетики растений</p></bio><email>orang2@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goryunov</surname><given-names>Denis V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горюнов</surname><given-names>Денис Валерьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Scientific Researcher, Department of Evolutional Biochemistry</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, научный сотрудник, отдел эволюционной биохимии</p></bio><email>denis.goryunov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Triseleva</surname><given-names>Tatiana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Триселева</surname><given-names>Татьяна Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Senior Researcher, Laboratory for Soil Zoology and General Entomology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория почвенной зоологии и общей энтомологии</p></bio><email>triselyova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки&#13;
«Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова» Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова» Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт физико-химической биологии им. А.Н. Белозерского, Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования&#13;
«Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова» Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2020-11-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-12" publication-format="electronic"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>433</fpage><lpage>444</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-08-19"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-11-10"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Safonkin A., Goryunova S., Goryunov D., Triseleva T.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, ООО "Эко-вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Safonkin A., Goryunova S., Goryunov D., Triseleva T.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-вектор"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2023-12-12"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/42539">https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/42539</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The present and literature data showed that <italic>Meromyza</italic> flies developed on grasses from 5 tribes: Poeae, Triticeae, Bromeae, Nardeae, Arundinarieae. The preference of host plants for 25, mainly Western Palaearctic species of <italic>Meromyza</italic> flies was analyzed: 11 species developed on grasses of the tribe Poeae, 4 – on Triticeae, 9 – on grasses from different tribes, 1 species developed on bamboo. A phylogenetic tree based on the mtDNA <italic>CO1</italic> gene locus was constructed in the BEAST for 28 species of <italic>Meromyza</italic> flies, for 8 species of <italic>Drosophila</italic> and <italic>Campiglossa pygmaea</italic>. The host plants were known for 19 species <italic>Meromyza</italic> flies out of 28 studied species. An overview of the evolution of grasses is given. By the possible time of the genus <italic>Meromyza</italic> origin (not earlier than the middle of the Miocene), based on the known evolutionary scale of <italic>Drosophila</italic>, the Pooideae grasses had already been isolated and division into tribes occured. The features of non-specialized phytophage-oligophage (except <italic>M. acuminata</italic>) confirmed by the wide spectrum of host plants have been supposed for species close to ancestral haplotypes (<italic>M. nigriseta</italic>, <italic>M. pratorum</italic>, <italic>M. saltatrix</italic>, <italic>M. variegata</italic>) or representing independent branches in their clusters (<italic>M. acuminata</italic>, <italic>M. mosquensis</italic>, <italic>M. nigriventris</italic>). The differentiation of Meromyza genus with formation of new species with narrow oligophagy or monophagy was associated with adaptation to other wild grasses following the formation and increase in the abundance of “core pooids” (Triticodae + Poodae) grasses and the spread of herbal biomes in the Miocene. Oligophages <italic>M. nigriventris</italic>, <italic>M. nigriseta</italic>, <italic>M. variegata</italic> and monophages <italic>M. acuminata</italic>, <italic>M. grandifemoris</italic> damage cereal cultivars.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>По литературным и собственным данным показано, что злаковые мухи <italic>Meromyza</italic> развиваются на злаках из 5 триб: Poeae, Triticeae, Bromeae, Nardeae, Arundinarieae. Проанализирована пищевая специализация 25, в основном западно-палеарктических видов, меромиз: 11 видов развиваются на злаках трибы Poeae, 4 — Triticeae, 9 — на злаках из разных триб, 1 вид на бамбуке. Филогенетическое дерево по участку гена <italic>СО1</italic> мтДНК построено в программе BEAST для 28 видов меромиз, из которых для 19 видов известны кормовые злаки, <italic>Campiglossa pygmaea</italic> и 8 видов дрозофил. Приведен обзор по эволюции злаков. Ко времени возникновения рода <italic>Meromyza</italic> (не ранее середины миоцена), определенному в сравнении с известной шкалой эволюции дрозофил, уже произошло обособление злаков Pooideae и их дифференциация на трибы. Для видов, близких к предковым гаплотипам (<italic>M. nigriseta</italic>, <italic>M. pratorum</italic>, <italic>M. saltatrix</italic>, <italic>M. variegata</italic>) или представляющих самостоятельные ветви в своих кластерах (<italic>M. acuminata</italic>, <italic>M. mosquensis</italic>, <italic>M. nigriventris</italic>), предположено наличие признаков неспециализированного фитофага-олигофага (кроме <italic>M. acuminata</italic>), подтвержденное широким спектром кормовых злаков. Последующая дифференциация рода с преобладанием узких олигофагов или монофагов связана с увеличением обилия «core pooids» (Triticodae + Poodae) злаков и распространением травяных биомов в миоцене. Олигофаги <italic>M. nigriventris</italic>, <italic>M. nigriseta</italic>, <italic>M. variegata</italic> и монофаги <italic>M. acuminata</italic> и <italic>M. grandifemoris</italic> повреждают культурные злаки.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coevolution</kwd><kwd>grasses–phytophagous insects</kwd><kwd>cereals</kwd><kwd>grass flies</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коэволюция</kwd><kwd>растения – насекомые-фитофаги</kwd><kwd>культурные злаки</kwd><kwd>злаковые мухи</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Нарчук Э.П. Злаковые мухи (Diptera: Chloropoidea), их система, эволюция и связи с растениями. Т. 136 // Труды Зоологического института АН СССР / Под ред. О.А. Скарлато. – Л.: Наука, 1987. – 280 с. [Narchuk EP. Zlakovye mukhi (Diptera: Chloropoidea), ikh sistema, ehvolyutsiya i svyazi s rasteniyami. Vol. 136. In: Trudy Zoologicheskogo instituta AN SSSR. Ed. by O.A. 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