Ecological geneticsEcological geneticsЭкологическая генетика1811-09322411-9202Eco-Vector53110410.17816/ecogen531104Genetic basis of ecosystems evolutionГенетические основы эволюции экосистемResearch ArticleEffect of high light conditions on the response of Arabidopsis thaliana plants with suppressed mitochondrial alternative oxidaseЭффекты повышенной освещенности на реакцию растений Arabidopsis thaliana с подавлением экспрессии гена альтернативной оксидазы митохондрий АОХ1аhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8104-50484512-8460GarmashElena V.ГармашЕлена Владимировна
Russian Federation

Dr. Sci. (Biol.), leading research associate

д-р биол. наук, вед. научн. сотр.

garmash@ib.komisc.ruYadrikhinskiyKirill V.ЯдрихинскийКирилл Валерьевич
Russian Federation

student

студент

kirill030442@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8537-69959526-1351ShelyakinMikhail A.ШелякинМихаил Анатольевич
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Biol.), research associate

канд. биол. наук, научн. сотр.

shelyakin@ib.komisc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0182-64751804-9569BelykhElena S.БелыхЕлена Сергеевна
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Biol.), research associate

канд. биол. наук, научн. сотр.

belykh@ib.komisc.ruInstitute of Biology Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesИнститут биологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения Российской академии наукPitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State UniversityСыктывкарский государственный университет им. Питирима Сорокина17102023061220232132192340707202317102023Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор2023Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/531104

BACKGROUND: Plants as sessile organisms have developed biochemical pathways to protect themselves from the excess light energy. Mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) participates in the oxidation of reductants exported from chloroplasts, thereby optimizing photosynthesis and protecting cells from photodamage.

AIM: The effect of high light on respiration and the relative transcripts content of a number of genes in Arabidopsis thaliana plants of the T-DNA insertional line for AOX1a (aox1a) was studied and compared with the response of the antisense silencing of AOX1a line (AS-12) and wild type line Col-0.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four-week-old A. thaliana plants of three lines grown at 90 µmol/m2 · s and then exposed to moderately high light conditions, 400 µmol/m2 · s, in a short-term experiment (8 h). Respiratory pathways activity, gene expression, and superoxide anion content were determined during experiment.

RESULTS: Plants of the aox1a line in response to high light were characterized by the absence of the total and alternative respiration reaction and the absence of the AOX1 protein in spite of the increased mRNA level of AOX1c, in contrast to the Col-0 and AS-12 lines. Also, an increased content of transcripts of only SAPX and CHS were found, while in the other lines a compensatory increase in the expression of many “defense” genes was revealed.

CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the aox1a line was characterized by a low compensatory effect at the level of defense systems activation. This is apparently caused by the absence of the AOX1 protein and, as a result, the weakening of the stress signal and stress response. The results obtained indicate the important role of AOX in the response of respiration to light stress; can be used to study the signaling pathways of regulation of AOX1a expression.

Актуальность. Растения как прикрепленные организмы развили в процессе эволюции биохимические стратегии защиты от избытка световой энергии. Альтернативная оксидаза митохондрий (АОХ) может участвовать в окислении образующихся в хлоропластах восстановителей, способствуя оптимизации протекания фотосинтеза и защите клетки от фотоповреждений.

Цель — исследовать влияние повышенной освещенности на дыхание и относительное содержание транскриптов ряда генов в растениях Arabidopsis thaliana линии с нокаутом гена АОХ — АОХ1а (aox1a) — и провести сравнение с реакцией линии, трансформированной антисмысловой копией гена АОХ1а (AS-12).

Материалы и методы. Четырехнедельные растения, выращенные при 90 мкмоль/(м2 · с), подвергали воздействию света высокой интенсивности, 400 мкмоль/(м2 · с), в течение 8 ч. В ходе эксперимента определяли активность дыхательных путей, относительное содержание транскриптов генов и содержание супероксида.

Результаты. Растения линии aox1a характеризовались повышением уровня транскриптов АОХ1с, по сравнению с линией AS-12, в которой отмечено увеличение транскриптов АОХ1d. При действии повышенной освещенности активность общего и альтернативного дыхания в листьях линии aox1a не изменялась, в отличие от растений дикого типа (Col-0) и линии AS-12, которые дышали более интенсивно. В нокаутной линии также обнаружено повышенное содержание транскриптов только SAPX и CHS, тогда как в растениях Col-0 и AS-12 выявлено компенсаторное увеличение относительного количества мРНК ряда «защитных» генов.

Выводы. Таким образом, линия aox1a характеризовалась слабым компенсаторным эффектом со стороны активации «защитных» систем, что указывает на низкую способность нокаутных растений противостоять стрессу, по сравнению с линией AS-12. Полученные результаты указывают на ведущую роль АОХ в реакции дыхания на световой стресс; могут быть использованы для изучения сигнальных путей регуляции экспрессии АОХ1а.

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