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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ecological genetics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ecological genetics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экологическая генетика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1811-0932</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-9202</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">5418</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ecogen643-11</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Simulation of legume-rhizobia symbiosis evolution under the multi-strain competition of bacteria for inoculation of symbiotic habitats</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ЭВОЛЮЦИИ БОБОВО-РИЗОБИАЛЬНОГО СИМБИОЗА ПРИ МУЛЬТИШТАММОВОЙ КОНКУРЕНЦИИ БАКТЕРИЙ ЗА ИНОКУЛЯЦИЮ СИМБИОТИЧЕСКИХ НИШ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobyov</surname><given-names>Nikolay I</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьев</surname><given-names>Николай Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>nik4@newmail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Provorov</surname><given-names>Nikolay A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проворов</surname><given-names>Николай Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>provorov@newmail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Saint-Petersburg, RF</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственной микробиологии, Санкт-Петербург, РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2008-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 6, NO4 (2008)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 6, №4 (2008)</issue-title><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-11-14"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2008, Vorobyov N.I., Provorov N.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2008, Воробьев Н.И., Проворов Н.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2008</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vorobyov N.I., Provorov N.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воробьев Н.И., Проворов Н.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/5418">https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/5418</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The model is suggested for evolution of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-fixing legume-rhizobia symbiosis implemented under the conditions of multi-strain bacteria competition for inoculation of symbiotic habitats (rhizosphere, nodules). Competitiveness of each strain is characterized by the power coefficients which reflect the operation of frequency-dependent selection in the rhizobia population. When polymorphic bacteria populations are interacting with the dimorphic plant population, the selective pressures in favor of hostspecific symbionts (forming N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-fixing nodules only with one of the available plant genotypes) are higher than the pressures in favor of non-host-specific symbionts (forming these nodules with both plant genotypes). The highest mutualism efficiency is reached under an intermediate level of plant population diversity.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Предложена математическая модель эволюции азотфиксирующего бобово-ризобиального симбиоза в условиях мультиштаммовой конкуренции бактерий за инокуляцию симбиотических ниш (ризосферы, клубеньков). Конкурентоспособность каждого штамма характеризуется степенными коэффициентами, которые отражают давление частотно-зависимого отбора в популяции ризобий. Анализ модели показал, что при взаимодействии полиморфных популяций бактерий с диморфной растительной популяцией давление отбора в пользу специфичных симбионтов (образующих N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-фиксирующие клубеньки только с одним из растительных генотипов) выше, чем в пользу неспецифичных симбионтов (образующих такие клубеньки с обоими генотипами растений). Максимальная эффективность мутуалистического симбиоза достигается при промежуточном уровне изменчивости растительной популяции.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>клубеньковые бактерии</kwd><kwd>СИМБИОТИЧЕСКАЯ N2-ФИКСАЦИЯ</kwd><kwd>МУТУАЛИСТИЧЕСКИЕ СИМБИОЗЫ</kwd><kwd>естественный отбор</kwd><kwd>ПОЛОЖИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ОБРАТНЫЕ СВЯЗИ ПАРТНЕРОВ</kwd><kwd>ПОЛИМОРФИЗМ ПОПУЛЯЦИЙ</kwd><kwd>МУЛЬТИШТАММОВАЯ КОНКУРЕНЦИЯ</kwd><kwd>ИНОКУЛЯЦИЯ И КОЛОНИЗАЦИЯ СИМБИОТИЧЕСКИХ НИШ</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>West S.A., Kiers E.T., Simms E.L., Denison R.F. 2002. Sanctions and mutualism stability: why do rhizobia fix nitrogen?//Proc. Roy. Soc. B. Vol. 269. P. 685-694.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>West S.A., Kiers E.T., Pen I., Denison R.F. 2001. Sanctions and mutualism stability: when should less beneficial mutualists be tolerated?//J. Evol. Biol. Vol. 15. 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