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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ecological genetics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ecological genetics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экологическая генетика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1811-0932</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-9202</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">5455</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ecogen5444-54</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Matroclinous Inheritance of Behavioral Traits: Possible Mechanisms</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>МАТРОКЛИННОЕ НАСЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПОВЕДЕНЧЕСКИХ ПРИЗНАКОВ: ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamyshev</surname><given-names>Nikolay G</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камышев</surname><given-names>Николай Григорьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>nkam@pavlov.infran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bragina</surname><given-names>Julia V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брагина</surname><given-names>Юлия Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>julia_bragina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Besedina</surname><given-names>Nataliya G</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беседина</surname><given-names>Наталья Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>molotova@pavlov.infran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamysheva</surname><given-names>Elena A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камышева</surname><given-names>Елена Аркадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>nkam@pavlov.infran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Timofeeva</surname><given-names>Evgenia A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеева</surname><given-names>Евгения Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>timgenya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarenko</surname><given-names>Valentina V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономаренко</surname><given-names>Валентина Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт Физиологии им. И. П. Павлова РАН, Санкт-Петербург, РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2007-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2007</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 5, NO4 (2007)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 5, №4 (2007)</issue-title><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-11-14"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2007, Kamyshev N.G., Bragina J.V., Besedina N.G., Kamysheva E.A., Timofeeva E.A., Ponomarenko V.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2007, Камышев Н.Г., Брагина Ю.В., Беседина Н.Г., Камышева Е.А., Тимофеева Е.А., Пономаренко В.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2007</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kamyshev N.G., Bragina J.V., Besedina N.G., Kamysheva E.A., Timofeeva E.A., Ponomarenko V.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Камышев Н.Г., Брагина Ю.В., Беседина Н.Г., Камышева Е.А., Тимофеева Е.А., Пономаренко В.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/5455">https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/5455</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Transmission of behavioral traits from mother to hybrids of first generation, revealed in researches performed under guidance of M.E. Lobashev and V.V. Ponomarenko since the middle of last century, is clearly adaptive and seems to be a phenomenon of general significance in biology. From the contemporary positions it may be explained by various genetic processes: sex-linked inheritance, cytoplasmic inheritance, maternal effect of nuclear genes, genomic imprinting. The review considers all of them with most attention to possible mechanisms of the late maternal effect of nuclear genes.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Работа поддержана грантами РФФИ, научной программой Санкт-Петербургского научного центра и программой президиума РАН «Динамика генофондов». Наследование гибридами первого поколения поведенческих особенностей от матери (матроклиния), выявленное в исследованиях, проводимых под руководством М.Е. Лобашева и В.В. Пономаренко, начиная с середины прошлого века, имеет явное адаптивное значение и, по-видимому, является общебиологическим принципом. С современных позиций оно может быть объяснено разнообразными генетическими явлениями - сцепленным с полом наследованием, цитоплазматической наследственностью, материнским эффектом ядерных генов, геномным импринтингом. В обзоре рассматриваются все четыре явления, наиболее подробно - возможные механизмы позднего материнского эффекта ядерных генов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>генетика поведения</kwd><kwd>МАТРОКЛИНИЯ</kwd><kwd>ЦИТОПЛАЗМАТИЧЕСКАЯ НАСЛЕДСТВЕННОСТЬ</kwd><kwd>МАТЕРИНСКИЙ ЭФФЕКТ</kwd><kwd>ГЕНОМНЫЙ ИМПРИНТИНГ</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Алексеевич Л.А., Пономаренко В.В., Смирнова Г.П., 1965. Сравнительно-генетическое исследование свойств высшей нервной деятельности у кур при межпородном скрещивании. I. Изучение особенностей нервных процессов в реципрокном скрещивании пород австралорп и плимутрок//Физиология и патология высшей нервной деятельности. 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