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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ecological genetics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ecological genetics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экологическая генетика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1811-0932</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-9202</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">636544</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ecogen636544</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Problems in genetic education</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Проблемы генетического образования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The role of the <italic>Drosophila</italic> genetic collection in the formation of modern scientific research directions and in the educational process at the Department of Genetics and Biotechnology of Saint Petersburg State University</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль генетической коллекции дрозофилы в формировании направлений исследований и в образовательном процессе на кафедре генетики и биотехнологии Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9790-031X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3251-2823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Barabanova</surname><given-names>Larisa V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барабанова</surname><given-names>Лариса Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>l.barabanova@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0070-0897</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8220-9716</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grudkova</surname><given-names>Daria M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грудкова</surname><given-names>Дарья Максимовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>st101672@student.spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9528-5760</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7386-1230</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golubkova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубкова</surname><given-names>Елена Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>e.golubkova@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-11-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>106</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-09-27"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-11-27"><day>27</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/636544">https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/636544</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Genetic analysis, as a fundamental method of genetics, is possible under the obligatory condition of presence of hereditarily different variants of the same features. Success of the analysis depends on the breadth of diversity of hereditary forms available to the researcher. In this regard, creation and maintenance of genetic collections is the first stage of genetic analysis. At present, genetic collections, including Drosophila, have not lost their primary importance even despite the obvious superiority of molecular methods in genetics and shift of research to the level of features characterizing the peculiarities of individual molecules. In many ways, it is the collection material that serves as a starting point in the development of new research directions in modern genetics. In addition, it should be noted that the task of the educational process at the university is to develop the student’s ability to analyze, critically evaluate the results of the experiment, and understand the logic of the experiment. In this regard, the use of genetic collections is an integral part of the educational process, allowing to stimulate the development of the required qualities.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Генетический анализ как основополагающий метод генетики возможен при обязательном выполнении условия — наличие наследственно различающихся вариантов одних и тех же признаков. Успешность проведения анализа зависит от широты разнообразия наследственных форм, имеющихся у исследователя. В этой связи создание и поддержание генетических коллекций представляет собой первый этап осуществления генетического анализа. В настоящее время генетические коллекции, в том числе дрозофилы, не потеряли своей первостепенной значимости даже несмотря на очевидное превосходство молекулярных методов в генетике и смещение исследований на уровень признаков, характеризующих особенности отдельных молекул. Во многом именно коллекционный материал служит отправной точкой в становлении новых направлений исследований в современной генетике. Кроме того, нельзя не отметить, что задача образовательного процесса в университете — это формирование у учащегося способности к анализу, критическому оцениванию результатов эксперимента, понимание студентом логики постановки эксперимента. В этой связи использование генетических коллекций — неотъемлемая часть образовательного процесса, позволяющая стимулировать развитие требуемых качеств.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>genetic collections</kwd><kwd>Drosophila melanogaster</kwd><kwd>educational process</kwd><kwd>scientific school</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>генетические коллекции</kwd><kwd>Drosophila melanogaster</kwd><kwd>образовательный процесс</kwd><kwd>научная школа</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vatti KV, Mamon LA, Japaridze LA, Barabanova LV. Comparative study of mutagenesis in individuals of different sexes. Analysis of the frequency of induced translocations. Soviet Genetics. 1979;15(11):1989–1995. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ватти К.В., Мамон Л.А., Джапаридзе Л.А., Барабанова Л.В. 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