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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ecological genetics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ecological genetics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экологическая генетика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1811-0932</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-9202</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">6518</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ecogen15441-51</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Genetic education</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Система генетического образования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Modern methods of assessing the taxonomic affiliation of honeybee colonies</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современные методы оценки таксономической принадлежности семей пчел</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2445-4739</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8302-8152</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyasov</surname><given-names>Rustem A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильясов</surname><given-names>Рустем Абузарович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of the sciences, Senior Researcher of Laboratory of Insects’ Biochemistry and Adaptiveness</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории биохимии адаптивности насекомых</p></bio><email>apismell@hotmail.com</email><uri>http://ibg.anrb.ru</uri><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3920-9579</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poskryakov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поскряков</surname><given-names>Александр Витальевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D., Senior Researcher of Laboratory of Insects’ Biochemistry and Adaptiveness</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории биохимии адаптивности насекомых</p></bio><email>possash@yandex.ru</email><uri>http://ibg.anrb.ru</uri><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1014-4653</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolenko</surname><given-names>Aleksei G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николенко</surname><given-names>Алексей Геннадьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of the sciences, Professor, Head of Laboratory of Insects’ Biochemistry and Adaptiveness</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующий лаборатории биохимии адаптивности насекомых</p></bio><email>a-nikolenko@yandex.ru</email><uri>http://ibg.anrb.ru</uri><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics (IBG)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Институт биохимии и генетики» Уфимского научного центра РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-12-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2017-06-09"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2017-11-15"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Ilyasov R.A., Poskryakov A.V., Nikolenko A.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, Ильясов Р.А., Поскряков А.В., Николенко А.Г.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ilyasov R.A., Poskryakov A.V., Nikolenko A.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ильясов Р.А., Поскряков А.В., Николенко А.Г.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/6518">https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/6518</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>At least 30 subspecies of the honeybee <italic>Apis mellifera</italic> L. were formed allopatrically during the evolution, which spreaded throughout all Africa, Europe and West Asia. The dark forest bee <italic>Apis mellifera mellifera </italic>is the only and most valuable subspecies for the Northern and Western Europe countries, adapted to productive living in the hard-continental climate of Eurasia. In the past 100 years, natural geographical isolation of subspecies has been disrupted as a result of a human activities. Mass transportations of honeybee colonies beyond the boundaries of their area have been threatened of loss the identity of gene pool of subspecies as a result of hybridization. Preservation of the gene pool of subspecies is possible only when controlling the transportation of honeybee colonies using the methods of identification of taxonomic affiliation of honeybee colonies. Now, dozens of methods have been developed to identify the taxonomic affiliation of honeybee's colony, which are based on the variability of body parts, allozyme loci, mitochondrial DNA loci, microsatellite nuclear loci, sites of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The variability of microsatellite loci and the single nucleotide polymorphism sites have shown the greatest informativeness in identification of the taxonomic affiliation of honeybee's colony.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В ходе эволюции аллопатрически формировалось 30 подвидов медоносной пчелы <italic>Apis mellifera </italic>L., которые распространены по всей территории Африки, Европы и Западной Азии. Темная лесная пчела <italic>Apis mellifera mellifera</italic> — единственный и наиболее ценный подвид для стран Северной и Западной Европы, приспособленный к продуктивной жизнедеятельности в резко континентальном климате Евразии. В последние 100 лет естественная географическая изоляция подвидов была нарушена в результате деятельности человека. Массовые перемещения семей пчел за пределы границ их ареалов создали угрозу потери чистопородности аборигенных генофондов подвидов в результате гибридизации. Сохранение генофонда подвидов возможно лишь при контроле транспортировок семей пчел с использованием методов идентификации таксономической принадлежности. На данный момент разработаны десятки методов идентификации таксономической принадлежности семей пчел, которые основываются на вариабельности частей тела, аллозимных локусов, митохондриальной ДНК, микросателлитных локусов ядерной ДНК, сайтов однонуклеотидных замен (SNP). Вариабельность микросателлитных локусов и полиморфизм сайтов однонуклеотидных замен показали наибольшую информативность при идентификации таксономической принадлежности семей пчел.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>allozyme markers</kwd><kwd>Apis mellifera</kwd><kwd>gene pool</kwd><kwd>honeybee</kwd><kwd>hybridization</kwd><kwd>microsatellite markers</kwd><kwd>mitochondrial markers</kwd><kwd>morphometry</kwd><kwd>SNPs</kwd><kwd>subspecies</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аллозимные маркеры</kwd><kwd>Apis mellifera</kwd><kwd>генофонд</kwd><kwd>медоносная пчела</kwd><kwd>гибридизация</kwd><kwd>микросателлитные маркеры</kwd><kwd>митохондриальные маркеры</kwd><kwd>морфометрия</kwd><kwd>SNPs</kwd><kwd>подвиды</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1.	Бородачев А.В., Бородачева В.Т. Хозяйственная ценность межпородных помесей // Пчеловодство. – 1982. – № 9. – С. 13–15. 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