Ecological geneticsEcological geneticsЭкологическая генетика1811-09322411-9202Eco-Vector67972410.17816/ecogen679724SYZMEOHuman ecological geneticsЭкологическая генетика человекаReview ArticleThe role of oxidative stress-related genes in polycystic ovary syndrome: insights into genetic susceptibility and pathogenesisРоль генов, связанных с окислительным стрессом, в синдроме поликистозных яичников: понимание генетической предрасположенности и патогенезаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8791-19368678-2770LomtevaSvetlana V.ЛомтеваСветлана Витальевна
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Biology)

канд. биол. наук

embryolab61@gmail.comSouthern Federal UniversityЮжный федеральный университетCenter for Human Reproduction and IVFЦентр репродукции человека и ЭКО01102025151220252333033101505202501102025Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор2025Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/679724

Oxidative stress is a major factor in the development and progression of polycystic ovary syndrome. It drives metabolic disturbances, systemic inflammation, and ovarian dysfunction. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species, combined with weakened antioxidant defenses, exacerbates insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and impaired folliculogenesis. Genetic variations in antioxidant genes further influence this imbalance, shaping individual susceptibility to the syndrome. His review summarizes the role of key antioxidant defense genes, including SOD2, GPX1, GPX4, CAT, and PON1, and examines their associations with polycystic ovary syndrome risk and clinical outcomes. Polymorphism, such as SOD2 rs4880 and GPX4 rs713041 show relatively consistent links with polycystic ovary syndrome, whereas other variants display population-specific effects. Understanding the genetic basis of oxidative stress may advance biomarker discovery and support the development of personalized therapeutic strategies for women with this disease. The development of precision therapy protocols for this syndrome, taking into account genetic testing and lifestyle data, will help improve the reproductive and metabolic health of women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Окислительный стресс — важный фактор развития и прогрессирования синдрома поликистозных яичников. Он приводит к метаболическим нарушениям, системному воспалению и дисфункции яичников. Избыточная продукция активных форм кислорода в сочетании со снижением антиоксидантной защиты усугубляет инсулинорезистентность, гиперандрогению и приводит к нарушению фолликулогенеза. Генетические варианты генов антиоксидантов дополнительно влияют на этот дисбаланс, формируя индивидуальную предрасположенность к синдрому. В данном обзоре обобщена роль ключевых генов антиоксидантной защиты, включая SOD2, GPX1, GPX4, CAT и PON1, рассмотрена их ассоциация с риском развития синдрома поликистозных яичников и клиническими исходами. Такой полиморфизм, как rs4880 гена SOD2 и rs713041 гена GPX4, демонстрирует относительно устойчивую ассоциацию с синдромом поликистозных яичников, в то время как другие варианты указывают на популяционно-специфические эффекты. Интеграция генетического тестирования, клинических маркеров и данных об образе жизни может способствовать разработке протоколов прецизионной терапии синдрома поликистозных яичников, что в конечном итоге улучшит фертильность, метаболическое здоровье и качество жизни у женщин с этим заболеванием. Разработка протоколов прецизионной терапии данного синдрома с учетом данных генетического тестирования и образа жизни поможет улучшить репродуктивное и метаболическое здоровье женщин с поликистозом яичников.

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