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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ecological genetics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ecological genetics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экологическая генетика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1811-0932</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-9202</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">695534</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ecogen695534</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">ZVUNKQ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Genetically modified organism.history, achievements, social and environmental risks.</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>«ГМО: ИСТОРИЯ, ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ, СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ И ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ РИСКИ»</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Murine models of potassium channelopathies</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Мышиные модели заболеваний, ассоциированных с мутациями в калиевых каналах</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8920-6705</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5952-4539</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmarov</surname><given-names>Ilyas I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмаров</surname><given-names>Ильяс Идрисович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Center for Transgenesis and Genome Editing</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Центр трансгенеза и редактирования генома</p></bio><email>luvk7411@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3400-6678</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7459-9945</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirillov</surname><given-names>Oleg A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириллов</surname><given-names>Олег Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Center for Transgenesis and Genome Editing</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Центр трансгенеза и редактирования генома</p></bio><email>o-kirillov03@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4108-6161</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7921-4448</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kandina</surname><given-names>Daria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кандина</surname><given-names>Дарья Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Center for Transgenesis and Genome Editing</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Центр трансгенеза и редактирования генома</p></bio><email>candyda20@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1124-3360</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1019-8610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Luganskaya</surname><given-names>Polina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луганская</surname><given-names>Полина Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Center for Transgenesis and Genome Editing</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Центр трансгенеза и редактирования генома</p></bio><email>polina.luganskaja@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7825-273X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6019-1547</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sopova</surname><given-names>Julia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сопова</surname><given-names>Юлия Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology), Center for Transgenesis and Genome Editing</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, Центр трансгенеза и редактирования генома</p></bio><email>sopova@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0236-3302</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2573-1759</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Leonova</surname><given-names>Elena I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леонова</surname><given-names>Елена Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology), Center for Transgenesis and Genome Editing</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, Центр трансгенеза и редактирования генома</p></bio><email>1102.elena@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-04-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-05-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-31"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-02-08"><day>08</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/695534">https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/article/view/695534</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Potassium channels constitute the most diverse group of ion channels and play a key role in regulating neuronal excitability and cardiac electrical activity. Despite significant progress in understanding their structure and function, the relationship between specific genetic alterations and disease phenotypes remains insufficiently systematized, which underscores the relevance of a comprehensive analysis of available data. This review summarizes findings from studies of animal models carrying mutations in potassium channel genes, aimed at elucidating their physiological roles and the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis. Knockout models of kcna1, kcna2, and kcnq2 reproduce key features of human epileptic syndromes, including neuronal hyperexcitability, spontaneous seizures, and early mortality. Deficiency of kcnma1 is associated with impaired motor coordination and the development of cerebellar ataxia. Mutations in kcnq1 and kcne1 result in cardiac and auditory abnormalities characteristic of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, whereas double knockout of kcne1/kcnh2 leads to a pronounced susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias. In addition, deletion of kcnd2 and kcnd3, encoding Kv4 family channel subunits, reveals their critical role in shaping the early phase of cardiac repolarization. Thus, the systematization of data on genetically modified animal models enables the establishment of links between molecular defects in potassium channels and clinical manifestations of disease, and highlights their importance as tools for the development and testing of novel therapeutic approaches.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Калиевые каналы представляют собой наиболее разнообразную группу ионных каналов и играют ключевую роль в регуляции возбудимости нервных клеток и электрической активности сердца. Несмотря на значительный прогресс в изучении их структуры и функций, связь между конкретными генетическими нарушениями и фенотипическими проявлениями заболеваний остаётся не полностью систематизированной, что определяет актуальность проведения обобщающего анализа существующих данных. В настоящем обзоре проанализированы результаты исследований животных моделей с мутациями в генах калиевых каналов, направленные на выяснение их физиологической роли и механизмов патогенеза. Показано, что нокауты генов kcna1, kcna2 и kcnq2 воспроизводят ключевые черты эпилептических синдромов человека, включая нейрональную гипервозбудимость, спонтанные припадки и раннюю смертность. Дефицит kcnma1 ассоциирован с нарушением двигательной координации и развитием атаксии, обусловленной дисфункцией мозжечка. Нарушения в генах kcnq1 и kcne1 приводят к электрическим и слуховым аномалиям, характерным для синдрома Джервелла–Ланге–Нильсена, тогда как двойной нокаут kcne1/kcnh2 сопровождается выраженной предрасположенностью к желудочковым аритмиям. Кроме того, делеция генов kcnd2 и kcnd3, кодирующих субъединицы каналов семейства Kv4, выявляет их критическую роль в формировании ранней фазы реполяризации миокарда. Таким образом, систематизация данных о генетически модифицированных моделях позволяет установить соответствие между молекулярными дефектами калиевых каналов и клиническими проявлениями заболеваний, а также подчеркивает их значимость как инструментов для разработки и тестирования новых терапевтических подходов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>epilepsy</kwd><kwd>ataxia</kwd><kwd>channelopathies</kwd><kwd>mouse models</kwd><kwd>potassium channels</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>атаксия</kwd><kwd>каналопатии</kwd><kwd>мышиные модели</kwd><kwd>калиевые каналы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was supported by the SPbSU grant PURE ID 148726920.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке гранта СПбГУ PURE ID148726920.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kuang Q, Purhonen P, Hebert H. 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