Vol 13, No 4 (2015)
- Year: 2015
- Articles: 15
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/ecolgenet/issue/view/134
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/ecogen134
Articles
Assessment of morphometric indexes in the second generation of Scots pine trees in the Chernobyl exclusion zone
Abstract
Molecular genetic analysis of the spread of resistance to organophosphate insecticides and pyrethroids in populations of the Colorado potato beetle in the Republic of Bashkortostan
Abstract
Cytogenetic status in coal-miners with occupational pulmonary diseases and influence the polymorphisms of XpD and XpG genes
Abstract
Background. Coal-miners are exposed by various harmful factors (chemical agents, ionizing radiation, heavy metals, coal dust). Occupational pulmonary diseases may affect to the level of genotoxic damages. Materials and methods. Venous blood samples extracted from 90 coal-miners with various occupational pulmonary diseases and 26 healthy coal-miners (control 1). Blood samples obtained from 124 non-exposed men were used as the control 2. Assessment of cytogenetic damages was performed usingthe analysis of chromosome aberrations. PCR and gel electrophoresis were used to determine polymorphismsin the genes XpD(rs13181) and XpG(rs17655). Results. We found a significant increase in the frequency of the chromatid- and chromosome-type aberrations in coal-miners and the increase of the chromosomal interchange in miners with occupational pulmonary diseases. The modify effects of polymorphismsin the XpD and XpG genes to the level of chromosome aberrations were discovered. Conclusions. It was shown that the XpD and XpG genes can be used as potential molecular geneticmarkers of increased individual risk of occupational pulmonary diseases.
Pharmacologic correction of paclitaxel-induced geneand myelotoxicity with exstract of Scutellariae baicalensis hairy roots culture
Abstract
Sup35 prionization [PSI+] influence the frequency of the gene and chromosome mutations, accounted in the alpha-test in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Abstract
Background. A lot of neurodegenerative diseases are coursed by amiloidization of proteins in nerve tissues. In the patients brains suffered from Alzheimer’s disease the high fraction of the nerve cells with abnormal chromosome amount was revealed. There are some data showing that prion form of protein PrP may prevent chromosome segregation in mitosis. But the direct association of prionisation and genome stability was not revealed. Materials and methods. We compared the yeast S. cerevisiae strain bearing the prion form of the termination translation factor Sup35, and the strain with non-prionized Sup35 in the alpha-test system. The model of the alpha-test is based on the mechanism of mating type switching in heterothallic yeast strains. The MAT locus that controls the mating type of yeast cell can be presented by two idiomorphs: the MATalpha and MATa that determine the alpha and a cell types, correspondingly. Only two cells with opposite mating types (alpha × a) could copulate. In the mixture of two yeast strains with alpha mating type the hybrids appears only if one of the parent cells had changed its mating type alpha → a. The mating type switching could course the following genetic events: the loss of the chromosome, gene conversion, recombination, loss of the arm of the chromosome, gene mutations and temporary lesions. These events could be distinguished by using the specially constructed alpha-test system. Results. The [PSI+] strain has showed 2-times decreased frequency of «illegitimate» hybridization in the alpha-test compared to [psi-] strain. But [PSI+] doesn’t influence the frequency of «legitimate» hybridization in the alpha × a crossing. The prion [PSI+] also 2-times reduces the frequency of chromosome loss and gene mutations and increases gene conversion 5-times. This results are also confirmed by the canavanine test. Conclusion. We investigated the effect of the Sup35 prionizaion on the genome stability. Unexpectedly in the [PSI+] strain the frequency of «illegitimate» hybridization was 2-times lower, and frequency of gene mutations and chromosome loss was also reduced. The mechanism of this effect is unclear and requires the further investigation.
Peculiarities of negative consequences of mutagenic action
Abstract
Genotoxic effect of fipronil on somatic and germ cells of mice
Abstract
The assessment of micronucleus frequency in lymphocytes in the cohort of coal-miners characterized by different polymorphisms of double strand break reparation genes
Abstract
Background: Coal-miners are exposed to a lot of number of harmful factors (chemical agents, ionizing radiation, heavy metals, coal dust etc.). Material and methods: Venous blood samples extracted from 129 coal-miners. Assessment of cytogenetic damage was performed using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMN) on peripheral blood lymphocytes. PCR and gel electrophoresis were used to determine polymorphisms in the genes Lig4 (rs1805388) and XRCC4 (rs6869366). Results: We found a significant increase in the frequency of binucleated lymphocytes with micronuclei (MN) and protrusions in carriers of the Ile/ Ile genotype of the Lig4 gene Thr9Ile polymorphism in comparison to Thr/Thr and Thr/Ile genotypes. Conclusions: Thr9Ile polymorphism within Lig4 gene can be used as potential molecular genetic markers of increased individual susceptibility to the complex of harmful factors in coal-mining conditions.