Journal of obstetrics and women's diseasesJournal of obstetrics and women's diseases1684-04611683-9366Eco-Vector1058510.17816/JOWD68183-92Review ArticleGranulocyte colony-stimulating factor as a checkpoint of the embryo invasive potential and endometrial receptivityTapilskayaNatalya I.<p>MD, PhD, DSci (Medicine), Professor, Leading Researcher. The Department of Assisted Reproductive Technologies, The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Professor. The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with the Course of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</p>tapnatalia@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5309-0087GzgzyanAlexander M.<p style="text-align: justify;">MD, PhD, DSci (Medicine), the Head of the Department of Assisted Reproductive Technologies. The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Professor. The Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproduction, Medical Faculty, Saint Petersburg State University</p>iagmail@ott.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3917-9493KoganIgor Yu.<p>MD, PhD, DSci (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member of RAS, Interim Director</p>iagmail@ott.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7351-6900The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology named after D.O. OttSaint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical UniversitySaint Petersburg State University2003201968183922811201811022019Copyright © 2019, Tapilskaya N.I., Gzgzyan A.M., Kogan I.Y.2019<p>Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) promotes proliferation, survival, and differentiation of myeloid-lineage cells, as well as normal hematopoietic cells. The immunomodulating effects of G-CSF, which consist in stimulating the Th2 biased type immune response, prevent the development of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and, as a special case of GvHD, are responsible for the embryo implantation into the endometrium after the embryo transfer. G-CSF stimulates subpopulations of neutrophils, which display anti-inflammatory properties and are involved in tissue regeneration. The increased secretion of annexin A1 and IL-10 ensures the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating effects of neutrophils. This review article presents data from four meta-analyzes aimed to explore the efficiency of G-CSF on infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization. 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