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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ophthalmology Reports</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ophthalmology Reports</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Офтальмологические ведомости</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1998-7102</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-5423</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">553340</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/OV553340</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Experimental trials</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The evaluation of cytoxicity of ocular hypotensive therapy to cultured human corneal epithelial cells</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изучение цитотоксичности гипотензивных лекарственных средств на культуре эпителиальных клеток роговицы человека</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7198-4498</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9750-1529</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fisenko</surname><given-names>Natalia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фисенко</surname><given-names>Наталья Владимировна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>natfisenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4043-456X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6891-6138</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yusef</surname><given-names>Yusef N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсеф</surname><given-names>Юсеф Наим</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>info@eyeacademy.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8258-6011</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3898-2570</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Subbot</surname><given-names>Anastasia M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суббот</surname><given-names>Анастасия Михайловна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>kletkagb@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1056-4331</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1039-0470</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipyan</surname><given-names>Grigory A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипян</surname><given-names>Григорий Альбертович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>Gregor79@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.M. Krasnov Scientific Research Institute of Eye Diseases</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней им. М.М. Краснова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.M. Krasnov Scientific Research Institute of Eye Diseases</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней им. М.М. Краснова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-01-12" publication-format="electronic"><day>12</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-07-17"><day>17</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-10-08"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-01-12"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/ov/article/view/553340">https://journals.eco-vector.com/ov/article/view/553340</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Corneal epithelial defect is a corneal epithelial cells’ (CEpC) disruption of various origin. In patients with corneal epithelial defect, glaucoma is a frequent concomitant disease demanding prescription of hypotensive medications, most of which containing benzalkonium chloride.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> The aim of this study is to evaluate cytotoxicity of antiglaucoma drugs, as well as benzalkonium chloride (BAK), to human CEpC <italic>in vitro</italic>.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</bold> The study was carried out on primary cultures of human CEpC. Cytotoxicity of dorzolamide, brimonidine, timolol (dilutions 1/100, 1/50, 1/20, 1/10, a 24-hour exposure) and of BAK was estimated on the model of intact epithelium (monolayer). Benzalkonium chloride was evaluated in concentrations equals to its concentration in tested ophthalmic solutions. Cytotoxicity of dorzolamide, brimonidine, timolol (dilutions 1/100, 1/20, a 48-hour exposure) was evaluated on the model of corneal epithelial defect (damage of the monolayer). The medication’s cytotoxicity was estimated by cellular changes (phase-contrast microscopy) and by the MTS-test’s results.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> Among BAK-free medications: dorzolamide (1/50, 1/20, 1/10 dilutions), brimonidine (1/10 dilution) — induce CEpCs’ pathological changes, whereas timolol (all tested dilutions) is non-toxic. BAK-preserved drugs: dorzolamide, brimonidine, timolol (1/100, 1/50, 1/20, 1/10 dilutions) — induce CEpCs’ damage, their viability reduction, and corneal epithelial defect closure inhibition. BAK shows similar effect in tested concentrations.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS:</bold> Cytotoxicity of antiglaucoma drugs is attributed to their component — benzalkonium chloride. Administration of preserved drugs is not reasonable in eyes with corneal epithelial defect of various origin.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность</bold>.<italic> </italic>Эпителиальный дефект роговицы — это повреждение эпителиальных клеток различного генеза. Глаукома является частым коморбидным состоянием данной патологии, требующим назначения гипотензивных лекарственных средств, большая часть из которых содержит бензалкония хлорид.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> — изучение влияния гипотензивных лекарственных средств, а также бензалкония хлорида на эпителиальные клетки роговицы человека <italic>in vitro</italic>.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Исследование проведено на первичной культуре эпителиальных клеток роговицы человека. Цитотоксичность дорзоламида, бримонидина и тимолола (разведения 1/100, 1/50, 1/20, 1/10, экспозиция — 24 ч) оценивали на модели интактного эпителия (монослой). Влияние бензалкония хлорида изучали в концентрациях, равных его содержанию в этих разведениях лекарственных средств. На модели эпителиального дефекта роговицы (повреждение монослоя) оценивали действие дорзоламида, бримонидина и тимолола (разведения 1/100, 1/20, экспозиция — 48 ч). Цитотоксичность лекарственного средства определяли по изменениям клеток (фазово-контрастная микроскопия) и данным MTS-теста.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Среди лекарственных средств (без бензалкония хлорида) дорзоламид в разведениях 1/50, 1/20, 1/10 вызывает патологические изменения эпителия, бримонидин — в разведении 1/10, тимолол — ни в одном из разведений. Повреждение клеток, снижение их выживаемости и замедление закрытия дефекта возникает под влиянием дорзоламида, бримонидина и тимолола (с бензалкония хлоридом) в разведениях 1/100, 1/50, 1/20, 1/10. Бензалкония хлорид в изученных концентрациях проявляет сходное действие.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Цитотоксический эффект гипотензивных лекарственных средств обусловлен их компонентом — бензалкония хлоридом. Назначение консервантных лекарств нежелательно при наличии эпителиального дефекта роговицы различного генеза.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dorzolamide</kwd><kwd>brimonidine</kwd><kwd>timolol</kwd><kwd>benzalkonium chloride</kwd><kwd>corneal epithelial cells</kwd><kwd>cytotoxicity</kwd><kwd>epithelial defect</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дорзоламид</kwd><kwd>бримонидин</kwd><kwd>тимолол</kwd><kwd>бензалкония хлорид</kwd><kwd>эпителиальные клетки роговицы</kwd><kwd>цитотоксичность</kwd><kwd>эпителиальный дефект</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sridhar MS. Anatomy of cornea and ocular surface. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2018;66(2):190–194. DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_646_17</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sridhar M.S. 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