Проблема улучшения остроты зрения и функциональных результатов при лечении регматогенной отслойки сетчатки с захватом макулярной области остаётся актуальной и в настоящее время. До сих пор нет единой классификации этого заболевания, что затрудняет анализ и сопоставимость данных научных исследований. В первой части обзора представлены варианты различных классификаций отслойки с захватом макулярной области, основанные на данных оптической когерентной томографии сетчатки макулы, приведены данные экспериментальных исследований в данной области, рассмотрены периоперационные факторы, влияющие на максимальную конечную остроту зрения, проанализировано влияние сроков оперативного лечения регматогенной отслойки сетчатки с захватом макулярной области на итоговую максимальную корригированную остроту зрения. Отслойка сетчатки с вовлечением макулы требует незамедлительного оперативного лечения, ввиду лучших функциональных результатов при продолжительности отслоения макулярной зоны не более 7 дней. Несмотря на анатомический успех после проведённой операции по поводу отслойки сетчатки, в случае выраженных микроструктурных морфологических изменений в макулярной зоне конечная острота зрения может оказаться неудовлетворительной. При прогнозировании конечной остроты зрения важна комплексная оценка морфофункционального состояния сетчатки макулярной области.

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