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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский медико-биологический вестник имени академика И.П. Павлова</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0204-3475</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2500-2546</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">46309</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23888/PAVLOVJ2020284578-592</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Therapygenetics: how is effectiveness of psychotherapy related to genotype?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Терапигенетика: как эффективность психотерапии связана с генотипом?</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>治疗遗传学：心理治疗的效率如何与基因型相关？</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8264-3592</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAS-5395-2020</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5869-7409</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Faustova</surname><given-names>Anna G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фаустова</surname><given-names>Анна Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in Psychology, Head of the Department of Clinical Psychology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.психол.н., зав. кафедрой клинической психологии</p></bio><email>anne.faustova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Michael</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вонг</surname><given-names>Майкл</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="GB">United Kingdom</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Honorary Consultant Clinical Neuropsychologist, Emeritus Professor of Clinical Psychology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Почетный консультант клинический нейропсихолог, Заслуженный профессор клинической психологии</p></bio><email>anne.faustova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ryazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.И. Павлова Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">University of Leicester</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Лестера</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>578</fpage><lpage>592</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-10-01"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-11-10"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, OOO "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2021, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">OOO "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/pavlovj/article/view/46309">https://journals.eco-vector.com/pavlovj/article/view/46309</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Effectiveness of psychotherapy and of clinico-psychological interventions depends on different factors: skills and characteristics of a specialist; diagnosis and extent of severity of symptoms; social and personal peculiarities of patient/client; parameters of psychotherapeutic contact. Therapygenetics is a trend of applied research at the interface of molecular genetics and psychotherapy, which considers molecular-genetic predictors of success/failure of psychotherapeutic interventions.</p> <p>The aim of the article is analysis and summarization of the current research works in the field of therapygenetics, substantiation of their theoretical and practical significance for psychiatry, psychotherapy and clinical psychology, discussion of the existing limitations and requirements to the design of the respective applied research works. By the moment, contra-dictory, but at the same promising positions in therapygenetics can be outlined. In the given article the results of therapygenetic research performed mostly in accordance with methods of identification of candidate genes, are systematized. Gene-environment correlations in psycho-therapy of anxiety and depressive disorders in children and adults are described. Scarce studies of genetic predictors of effectiveness of psychotherapy in posttraumatic stress-related disorders are summarized. While planning a therapygenetic study, the following methodological, methodical and organizational aspects should be taken into consideration: sufficient representativeness of an experimental sample both from the point of view of socio-demographic characteristics and from the point of view of the diagnosis and used therapy; existence of the control group; use of assessment scales and semi-structured diagnostic interviews for assessment of functioning of respondents; universalization of protocols of assessment of the results of application of methods of psychotherapy; use of polygenomic search for associations; observance of confidentiality and provision of respondents with minimally effective ways of rendering psychological assistance.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Эффективность психотерапии и клинико-психологических вмешательств зависит от разных факторов: навыков и характеристик специалиста; диагноза и степени тяжести симптомов, социальных и личностных особенностей пациента/клиента; параметров психотерапевтического контакта. Терапигенетика представляет собой направление прикладных исследований на стыке молекулярной генетики и психотерапии, в котором рассматриваются молекулярно-генетические предикторы (не)успешности психотерапевтических вмешательств.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель. </italic></bold><bold>Анализ и обобщение существующих исследований в области терапигенетики, </bold>обоснование их теоретической и практической значимости для психиатрии, психотерапии и клинической психологии, обсуждение существующих ограничений и требований к дизайну соответствующих прикладных исследований. К настоящему моменту в терапигенетике удалось обозначить противоречивые, но в то же время многообещающие закономерности. В данной статье систематизированы результаты терапигенетических исследований, выполненных преимущественно в соответствии с методологией установления генов-кандидатов. Описаны ген-средовые корреляции, имеющие место при психотерапии тревожных и депрессивных расстройств у детей и взрослых. Обобщены немногочисленные исследования генетических предикторов эффективности психотерапии при посттравматическом стрессовом расстройстве. При планировании терапигенетических исследований следует учитывать следующие методологические, методические и организационные аспекты: достаточная репрезентативность экспериментальной выборки – как в плане социально-демографических характеристик, так и в плане диагноза и применяемой терапии; наличие контрольной группы; использование оценочных шкал и полуструктурированных диагностических интервью для оценки функционирования респондентов; универсализация протоколов оценки результатов применения методов психотерапии; применение методология полногеномного поиска ассоциаций; соблюдение конфиденциальности и обеспечение респондентов минимально эффективными способами оказания психологической помощи.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>心理治疗以及临床和心理干预的有效性取决于各种因素：专家的技能和特点；症状的诊断和严重程度；患者/客户的社会和个人特征；心理治疗接触的参数。治疗遗传学是分子遗传学与心理治疗交叉领域的应用研究领域， 它检查了心理治疗干预(无)成功的分子遗传预测因子。</p> <p><bold><italic>目的：</italic></bold>分析和概括治疗遗传学领域的现有研究，证实其对精神病学、心理治疗和临床心理学的理论和实践重要性，讨论现有的局限性和设计相关应用研究的要求。迄今为止已经有可能确定矛盾的，但同时有希望的模式。本文将治疗基因研究的结果系统化完全按照鉴定候选基因的方法。描述了在儿童和成人焦虑和抑郁症心理治疗中发生的基因-环境相关性。本文系统地介绍了主要按照候选基因鉴定方法进行的治疗遗传学研究的结果。规划治疗遗传学研究时，应考虑以下方法，方法和组织方面：实验样品的足够代表性-无论是在社会人口统计学特征方面，还是在诊断和所用治疗方面；对照组的存在；使用评分量表和半结构化诊断访谈来评估受访者的功能；普遍采用评估心理治疗方法结果的方案；全基因组关联搜索方法的应用；保持机密性，并向受访者提供提供心理帮助的最低有效方法。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>therapygenetics</kwd><kwd>genetic predisposition</kwd><kwd>genetic marker</kwd><kwd>gene-environment correlation</kwd><kwd>effectiveness of psychotherapy</kwd><kwd>anxiety disorders</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>терапигенетика</kwd><kwd>генетическая предрасположенность</kwd><kwd>генетический маркер</kwd><kwd>ген-средовая корреляция</kwd><kwd>эффективность психотерапии</kwd><kwd>тревожные расстройства</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>治疗遗传学</kwd><kwd>遗传易感性</kwd><kwd>遗传标记 基因与环境的相关性</kwd><kwd>心理治疗的有效性</kwd><kwd>焦虑症</kwd><kwd>沮丧。</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study is carried out in the framework of the Grant of the President of the Russian Federation for state support of young scientists – candidates of sciences (Ph.D.). The title of the project is “Genetic and behavioral correlates of psychological resilience in psychological trauma” (MK-1199.2020.6).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках Гранта Президента Российской Федерации для государственной поддержки молодых ученых – кандидатов наук. Название проекта: «Генетические и поведенческие корреляты психологической устойчивости при психологических травмах» (МК-1199.2020.6).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pugovkina OD, Nikitina IV, Holmogorova AB, et al. Academic research of therapy process and efficient: History and main topics. Moskovskiy Psikhoterapevticheskiy Zhurnal. 2009;(1):35-68. (In Russ).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пуговкина О.Д., Никитина И.В., Холмогорова А.Б., и др. 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