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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatrician (St. Petersburg)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatrician (St. Petersburg)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Педиатр</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2079-7850</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6252</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">106330</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/PED126107-125</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>Наследственные болезни обмена</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Lysosomal storage diseases. Mucopolysaccharidosis types IV, VI, and VII – Morquio, Maroto–Lamy and Sly syndrome</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Лизосомные болезни накопления. Мукополисахаридозы IV, VI и VII типов — синдромы Моркио, Марото – Лами и Слая</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunova</surname><given-names>Victoria N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунова</surname><given-names>Виктория Николаевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Dr. Sci. Professor, Department of Medical Genetics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, профессор кафедры общей и молекулярной медицинской генетики</p></bio><email>vngor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Buchinskaia</surname><given-names>Natalia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бучинская</surname><given-names>Наталья Валерьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Pediatrician, Geneticist of Consulting Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, педиатр, врач-генетик консультативного отделения</p></bio><email>nbuchinskaia@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State Medical Diagnostic Center (Genetic Medical Center)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Диагностический центр (медико-генетический)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-04-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>107</fpage><lpage>125</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-04-16"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-04-16"><day>16</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Gorbunova V.N., Buchinskaia N.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Горбунова В.Н., Бучинская Н.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2022, Gorbunova V., Buchinskaia N.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorbunova V.N., Buchinskaia N.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горбунова В.Н., Бучинская Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Gorbunova V., Buchinskaia N.</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/pediatr/article/view/106330">https://journals.eco-vector.com/pediatr/article/view/106330</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review is devoted to the clinical, biochemical, and molecular genetic characteristics of autosomal recessive mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) types IV, VI, and VII. MPS IV type, or Morquio’s syndrome, is represented by 2 types – A and B. The cause of the most frequent MPS IVA is hereditary deficiency of galactose-6-sulfatase, due to the presence of inactivating mutations in the <italic>GALNS</italic> gene. The pathogenetic basis of the disease is associated with excessive accumulation in lysosomes, mainly of cartilage tissue of keratan sulfate and chondroitin-6-sulfate. Main clinical manifestations of MPS IVA are dwarfism and progressive deformity of the spine, sternum, and knees. The milder MPS IVB is due to hereditary β-galactosidase deficiency and is an allelic variant of GM1 gangliosidosis. The cause of MPS VI, or Maroto–Lamy syndrome, and MPS VII, or Sly syndrome, is hereditary deficiency of arylsulfatase B and β-glucuronidase, respectively. The pathogenesis of these diseases is due to the excessive accumulation of dermatan sulfate and, in the second case, additionally, heparan sulfate. Patients with type VI and VII MPS have a Hurler-like phenotype, but in the first case, intellectual deficiency are usually absent, while in Sly syndrome, moderate mental retardation is observed. The possibility of neonatal screening and early diagnosis of these MPS in order to increase the effectiveness of their prevention and treatment is discussed. The importance of experimental models for studying the molecular basis of the pathogenesis of these severe hereditary diseases and the development of various therapeutic approaches, such as bone marrow transplantation, enzyme replacement therapy and substrate-reducing therapy, is emphasized. Descriptions of clinical cases of MPS IVA and VI types are presented.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Статья посвящена клинической, биохимической и молекулярно-генетической характеристике аутосомно-рецессивных мукополисахаридозов (МПС) IV, VI и VII типов. МПС IV типа, или синдром Моркио, представлен двумя типами — А и В. Причина наиболее частого МПС IVА — наследственная недостаточность галактозо-6-сульфатазы, обусловленная присутствием инактивирующих мутаций в гене <italic>GALNS</italic>. Патогенетические основы заболевания связаны с избыточным накоплением в лизосомах, главным образом, хрящевой ткани гликозаминогликанов — кератансульфата и хондроитин-6-сульфата. Ведущими клиническими проявлениями МПС IVА являются нанизм и прогрессирующая деформация позвоночника, грудины, коленных суставов. Более мягкий МПС IVВ обусловлен наследственной недостаточностью β-галактозидазы и является аллельным вариантом GM1-ганглиозидоза. В основе МПС VI, или синдрома Марото – Лами, и МПС VII, или синдрома Слая, лежит наследственная недостаточность арилсульфатазы B и β-глюкуронидазы соответственно. Патогенез этих заболеваний обусловлен избыточным накоплением дерматансульфата и во втором случае дополнительно — гепарансульфата. Больные МПС VI и VII типов имеют гурлеро-подобный фенотип, но в первом случае интеллектуальные расстройства, как правило, отсутствуют, в то время как при синдроме Слая наблюдается умеренная умственная отсталость. Обсуждается возможность неонатального скрининга и ранней диагностики этих МПС с целью повышения эффективности их профилактики и лечения. Подчеркивается значение экспериментальных моделей для изучения молекулярных основ патогенеза этих тяжелых наследственных заболеваний и разработки различных терапевтических подходов, таких как трансплантация костного мозга, ферментная замещающая и субстратредуцирующая терапия. Представлены описания клинических случаев МПС IVА и VI типов.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>review</kwd><kwd>lysosomal storage diseases</kwd><kwd>mucopolysaccharidosis</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обзор</kwd><kwd>лизосомные болезни накопления</kwd><kwd>мукополисахаридоз</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>терапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alekseev VV, Alipov AN, Andreev VA, et al. Medicinskie laboratornye tehnologii: rukovodstvo po klinicheskoi laboratornoi diagnostike. Ed. Karpishchenko AI. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2013. 472 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алексеев В.В., Алипов А.Н., Андреев В.А., и др. 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