<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatrician (St. Petersburg)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatrician (St. Petersburg)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Педиатр</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2079-7850</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6252</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">340774</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/PED141127-134</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical observation</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинический случай</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Observation of severe pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome associated with COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наблюдение тяжелого детского воспалительного мультисистемного синдрома, ассоциированного с COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7066-9138</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Efremova</surname><given-names>Olesya S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефремова</surname><given-names>Олеся Станиславовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>assistant of the Department of pediatrics, cardiologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры педиатрии, кардиолог</p></bio><email>shaguno@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7668-1282</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bregel</surname><given-names>Lyudmila V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брегель</surname><given-names>Людмила Владимировна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, head of the Department of pediatrics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой педиатрии</p></bio><email>loudmilabregel@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5795-6992</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudenko</surname><given-names>Natalia Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руденко</surname><given-names>Наталья Юрьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>deputy chief medical officer</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заместитель главного врача по лечебной работе</p></bio><email>nata.rudenko.65@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9099-6803</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kniazeva</surname><given-names>Natalya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Князева</surname><given-names>Наталья Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>anesthesiologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач – анестезиолог-реаниматолог</p></bio><email>nata.rudenko.65@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1180-8086</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostik</surname><given-names>Mikhail M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костик</surname><given-names>Михаил Михайлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor of the Department of hospital pediatrics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры госпитальной педиатрии</p></bio><email>kost-mikhail@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, branch of Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Иркутская государственная медицинская академия последипломного образования — филиал Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Irkutsk State Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Иркутская областная детская клиническая больница</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-04-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>127</fpage><lpage>134</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-04-17"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-04-17"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2023,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/pediatr/article/view/340774">https://journals.eco-vector.com/pediatr/article/view/340774</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>One of the rare manifestations of COVID-19 is pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome, most often in publications it is found out how pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome in children (РIMS). The progression of the inflammatory response in РIMS may be a consequence of the development of secondary hemophagocytic syndrome, a significant part of which is refractory fever, an increase in ferritin, AST and ALT, cytopenia, an increase in interleukin 6, severe hepatic and neurological dysfunction. The case with this group of representatives of other multiple organ failure manifestations in the detection of acute distress syndrome and acute heart failure, in the detection of the development of myocarditis.</p> <p>A feature of the described clinical detection is the dynamic observation of a severe pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19, complicated by myocarditis with acute heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction and secondary hemophagocytic syndrome, in an 11-year-old girl with underlying obesity. The child is taking triple therapy with glucocorticosteroids in combination with intravenous immunoglobulin and cyclosporine A, with an expected effect on the ongoing treatment. Possible features of observation are noted: 1) a very early start of РIMS during the acute phase of СOVID-19; 2) transient dyslipidemia at the onset of РIMS with an increase in cholesterol, mainly due to the low-density lipoprotein fraction, and spontaneous regression without lipid-lowering drugs; 3) MRI signs of myocarditis in a month after the onset of the disease, despite the normalization of echocardiography and pro-BNP.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Одно из редких тяжелых осложнений COVID-19 — детский воспалительный мультисистемный синдром, чаще в публикациях встречается термин «педиатрический мультисистемный воспалительный синдром» (ПМВС). Прогрессирование воспалительного ответа при ПМВС может приводить к развитию вторичного гемофагоцитарного синдрома, проявлением которого являются рефрактерная лихорадка, рост ферритина, повыше уровней аспартатаминотрансферазы и аланинаминотрасферазы, цитопения, повышение уровня интерлейкина 6, тяжелая печеночная и неврологическая дисфункция. Наряду с этим могут развиваться другие проявления полиорганной недостаточности, в том числе острый респираторный дистресс-синдром и острая сердечная недостаточность, вследствие развития миокардита.</p> <p>Особенность описанного клинического случая состоит в динамическом наблюдении тяжелого педиатрического мультисистемного воспалительного синдрома, ассоциированного с COVID-19, осложнившегося миокардитом с острой сердечной недостаточностью, дисфункцией левого желудочка и вторичным гемофагоцитарным синдромом, у девочки 11 лет, с фоновым ожирением. Ребенок получал трехкомпонентную терапию глюкокортикостероидами в сочетании с внутривенным иммуноглобулином и циклоспорином А, с положительным клиническим эффектом на фоне проводимого лечения. Отмечены следующие особенности наблюдения: 1) очень ранний старт ПМВС во время острой фазы СOVID-19; 2) транзиторная дислипидемия в дебюте ПМВС с ростом холестерина, преимущественно за счет фракции липопротеидов низкой плотности, и со спонтанным регрессом без гиполипидемических препаратов; 3) МРТ-признаки миокардита спустя месяц от начала болезни, несмотря на нормализацию показателей эхокардиографии и мозгового натрийуретическиого гормона pro-BNP.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>treatment of РIMS</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мультисистемный воспалительный синдром, ассоциированный с COVID-19</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>лечение ПМВС мультисистемный воспалительный синдром, ассоциированный с COVID-19</kwd><kwd>лечение ПМВС</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Minzdrav Rossii. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii “Osobennosti klinicheskikh proyavlenii i lecheniya zabolevaniya, vyzvannogo novoi koronavirusnoi infektsiei (COVID-19) u detei”. Versiya 2. (In Russ.) 3 July 2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Минздрав России. Методические рекомендации «Особенности клинических проявлений и лечения заболевания, вызванного новой коронавирусной инфекцией (COVID-19) у детей». Версия 2. 03.07.2020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buda P, Strauss E, Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska D, et al. Clinical characteristics of children with MIS-C fulfilling classification criteria for macrophage activation syndrome. Front Pediatr. 2022;10:981711. DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.98171</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Buda P., Strauss E., Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska D., et al. Clinical characteristics of children with MIS-C fulfilling classification criteria for macrophage activation syndrome // Front Pediatr. 2022. Vol. 10. ID 981711. DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.98171</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cena H, Fiechtner L, Vincenti A, et al. COVID-19 pandemic as risk factors for excessive weight gain in pediatrics: The role of changes in nutrition behavior. A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2021;13(12):4255. DOI: 10.3390/nu13124255</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cena H., Fiechtner L., Vincenti A., et al. COVID-19 pandemic as risk factors for excessive weight gain in pediatrics: The role of changes in nutrition behavior. A Narrative Review // Nutrients. 2021. Vol. 13, No. 12. ID 4255. DOI: 10.3390/nu13124255</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dufort EM, Koumans EH, Chow EJ, et al. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in New York State. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:347–358. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2021756</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dufort E.M., Koumans E.H., Chow E.J., et al. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in New York State // N Engl J Med. 2020. Vol. 383. P. 347–358. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2021756</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feldstein LR, Rose EB, Horwitz SM, et al. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in U.S. children and adolescents. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:334. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2021680</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feldstein L.R., Rose E.B., Horwitz S.M., et al. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in U.S. Children and Adolescents // N Engl J Med. 2020. Vol. 383. ID 334. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2021680</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gowin E, Toczyłowski K, Sulik A, et al. The role of glucocorticoids in the treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C)-data from POLISH MIS-C Registry. Children (Basel). 2022;9(2):178. DOI: 10.3390/children9020178</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gowin E., Toczyłowski K., Sulik A., et al. The role of glucocorticoids in the treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C)-Data from POLISH MIS-C Registry // Children (Basel). 2022. Vol. 9, No. 2. ID 178. DOI: 10.3390/children9020178</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grzegorowska O, Lorkowski J. Possible Correlations between Atherosclerosis, Acute Coronary Syndromes and COVID-19. J Clin Med. 2020;9(11):3746. DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113746</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grzegorowska O., Lorkowski J. Possible correlations between atherosclerosis, acute coronary syndromes and COVID-19 // J Clin Med. 2020. Vol. 9, No. 11. ID 3746. DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113746</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Henderson LA, Canna SW, Friedman KG, et al. American College of Rheumatology Clinical Guidance for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with SARS-CoV-2 and hyperinflammation in pediatric COVID-19: Version 1. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020;72(11):1791. DOI: 10.1002/art.41454</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Henderson L.A., Canna S.W., Friedman K.G., et al. American College of Rheumatology Clinical Guidance for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with SARS-CoV-2 and hyperinflammation in pediatric COVID-19: Version 1 // Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020. Vol. 72, No. 11. ID1791. DOI: 10.1002/art.41454</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Henter J-I, Horne AC, Aricó M, et al. HLH-2004: Diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2007;48(2):124–131. DOI: 10.1002/pbc.21039</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Henter J.-I., Horne A.C., Aricó M., et al. HLH-2004: Diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis // Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2007. Vol. 48, No. 2. P. 124–131. DOI: 10.1002/pbc.21039</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Supriya J, Sheila NM, Aalok SR, et al. Myocarditis in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with coronavirus disease 2019. Cardiol Rev. 2020;28(6): 308–311. DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000341</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Supriya J., Sheila N.M., Aalok S.R., et al. Myocarditis in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with coronavirus disease 2019 // Cardiol Rev. 2020. Vol. 28, No. 6. P. 308–311. DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000341</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McMurray JC, May JW, Cunningham MW, Jones OY. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a post-viral myocarditis and systemic vasculitis — a critical review of its pathogenesis and treatment. Front Pediatr. 2020;8:626182. DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.626182</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McMurray J.C., May J.W., Cunningham M.W., Jones O.Y. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a post-viral myocarditis and systemic vasculitis — a critical review of its pathogenesis and treatment // Front Pediatr. 2020. Vol. 8. ID626182. DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.626182</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ravelli A, Minoia F, Davì S, et al. Expert consensus on dynamics of laboratory tests for diagnosis of macrophage activation syndrome complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. RMD Open. 2016;2(1): e000161. DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2015-000161</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ravelli A., Minoia F., Davì S., et al. Expert consensus on dynamics of laboratory tests for diagnosis of macrophage activation syndrome complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis // RMD Open. 2016. Vol. 2, No. 1. ID e000161. DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2015-000161</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saha S, Pal P, Mukherjee D. Neonatal MIS-C: managing the cytokine storm. Pediatrics. 2021;148(5): e2020042093. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-042093</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saha S., Pal P., Mukherjee D. Neonatal MIS-C: managing the cytokine storm // Pediatrics. 2021. Vol. 148, No. 5. ID e2020042093. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-042093</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Knox SK, Mahr TA. Treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Pediatrics. 2022;150(S3): S67. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-059346WWWW</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Knox S.K., Mahr T.A. Treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children // Pediatrics. 2022. Vol. 150, No. S3. P. S67. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-059346WWWW</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shi Z, Jiang Y, Weir-McCall J, et al. COVID-19 and atherosclerosis: looking beyond the acute crisis. Emergency Crit Care Med. 2022;2(1):1–4. DOI: 10.1097/EC9.0000000000000031</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shi Z., Jiang Y., Weir-McCall J., et al. COVID-19 and atherosclerosis: looking beyond the acute crisis // Emergency Crit Care Med. 2022. Vol. 2, No. 1. P. 1–4. DOI: 10.1097/EC9.0000000000000031</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Son MBF, Berbert L, Young C, et al. Postdischarge glucocorticoid use and clinical outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(11): e2241622. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.41622</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Son M.B.F., Berbert L., Young C., et al. Postdischarge glucocorticoid use and clinical outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children // JAMA Netw Open. 2022. Vol. 5, No. 11. ID e2241622. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.41622</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vinciguerra M, Romiti S, Sangiorgi GM, et al. SARS-CoV-2 and atherosclerosis: should COVID-19 be recognized as a new predisposing cardiovascular risk factor? J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2021;8(10):130. DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8100130</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vinciguerra M., Romiti S., Sangiorgi G.M., et al. SARS-CoV-2 and atherosclerosis: should COVID-19 be recognized as a new predisposing cardiovascular risk factor? // J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2021. Vol. 8, No. 10. ID 130. DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8100130</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu EY, Campbell MJ. Cardiac manifestations of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) following COVID-19. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2021;23(11):168. DOI: 10.1007/s11886-021-01602-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu E.Y., Campbell M.J. Cardiac manifestations of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) following COVID-19 // Curr Cardiol Rep. 2021. Vol. 23, No. 11. ID 168. DOI: 10.1007/s11886-021-01602-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
