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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatrician (St. Petersburg)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatrician (St. Petersburg)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Педиатр</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2079-7850</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6252</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">657524</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/PED15599-109</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical observation</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинический случай</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Phenotype of cystic kidney disease in children with orphan diseases and hereditary syndromes due to genetic or chromosomal pathology (description of 9 clinical cases)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фенотип кистозной болезни почек у детей c орфанными заболеваниями и наследственными синдромами вследствие генной или хромосомной патологии (описание 9 клинических случаев)</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8753-1415</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1246-4191</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>Elvira F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>Эльвира Фаатовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, кафедра факультетской педиатрии</p></bio><email>A-Elvira@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9415-4785</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6840-5356</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savenkova</surname><given-names>Nadezhda D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савенкова</surname><given-names>Надежда Дмитриевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Faculty Pediatrics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой факультетской педиатрии</p></bio><email>Savenkova.n.spb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-10-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-19"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-02-19"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/pediatr/article/view/657524">https://journals.eco-vector.com/pediatr/article/view/657524</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The use of DNA diagnostics makes it possible to clarify the clinical diagnosis of hereditary kidney disease, determine a personalized treatment strategy, and predict the patient’s health status. Kidney cysts with orphan syndromes and chromosomal mutations are characterized by a high risk of progression of chronic kidney disease to end–stage renal failure in childhood. In 9 patients aged 4 months — 17 years (6 girls and 3 boys) with cystic kidney disease in orphan diseases and hereditary syndromes, assessed the features of the phenotype, the progression of chronic kidney disease. Children over the age of 2 years were stratified with chronic kidney disease stages by NKF–K/DOQI (2002) according to the criterion of glomerular filtration rate calculated by creatinine clearance in the Shwartz formula and the level of microalbuminuria / proteinuria. The description of the phenotype features of kidney cysts in 9 children with orphan diseases and hereditary syndromes is presented: Senior-Løken 6 (1), Meckel–Gruber4 (1), CHARGE (1), papillorenal (1), with deletion of the long arm of chromosome 2 (2), microdeletion syndrome 17q12 (2), with deletion of the short arm of chromosome 12 (1). 6 children were diagnosed with cystosis of both kidneys, 2 with unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney, 1 with non-functioning multicystic and cystic contralateral kidneys. In 2 children aged less than 2 years with a multicystic dysplastic kidney in microdeletion syndrome 17q12 and CHARGE syndromes, renal function is reduced. Of the 6 patients over the age of 2 years, chronic kidney disease was established: stage with preserved renal function in 1, with reduced function in stage 3 in 2, stage 4 in 1 and stage 5 in 2. Two 17-year-old adolescents with an outcome of terminal chronic kidney disease at the age of 12 underwent kidney transplantation. A fatal outcome was found in a proband with nephronophthysis in Meckel–Gruber4 syndrome due mutations of the CEP290 gene. The features of the clinical phenotype and genotype of cystic kidney diseases associated with orphan syndromes Meckel–Gruber4, Senior-Løken 6, CHARGE, papillorenal due to gene mutations and deletion of the long arm of chromosome 2, microdeletion syndrome 17q12 and deletion of the short arm of chromosome 12 in children are described.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Применение ДНК-диагностики позволяет уточнить клинический диагноз наследственной болезни почек, определить стратегию персонализированного лечения, прогнозировать состояние здоровья пациента. Для кистозной болезни почек при орфанных заболеваниях у детей существует высокий риск прогрессирования хронической болезни почек до терминальной стадии почечной недостаточности.</p> <p>Клинические случаи. У 9 пациентов в возрасте от 4 мес. до 17 лет (6 девочек и 3 мальчика) с кистозными болезнями почек при орфанных заболеваниях и наследственных синдромах оценены особенности клинического фенотипа, прогрессирования хронической болезни почек. Детям в возрасте более 2 лет проведена стратификация стадий хронической болезни почек в соответствии с классификацией NKF–K/DOQI, 2002 г., по критерию скорости клубочковой фильтрации, рассчитанной по клиренсу креатинина в формуле Шварца и уровню микроальбуминурии/протеинурии.Представлено описание особенностей фенотипа кистоза почек у 9 детей с орфанными заболеваниями и наследственными синдромами: Senior-Løken 6-го типа (1), Меккеля–Грубера 4-го типа (1), CHARGE (1), папиллоренальный (1), при делеции длинного плеча хромосомы 2 (2), синдроме микроделеции 17q12 / микроделеционном синдроме 17q12 (2), при делеции короткого плеча хромосомы 12 (1). У 6 детей диагностирован кистоз обеих почек, у 2 — односторонняя мультикистозная дисплазия почки, у 1 — нефункционирующая мультикистозная и кистозная контралатеральная почка. У 2 детей в возрасте менее 2 лет с мультикистозной дисплазией почки при микроделеционном синдроме 17q12 и CHARGE почечная функция снижена. Из 6 пациентов в возрасте более 2 лет установлена хроническая болезнь почек: стадия I с сохранной функцией почек — у 1, со сниженной функцией — стадия III у 2, стадия IV у 1 и стадия V у 2. Двум подросткам 17 лет с исходом в терминальную почечную недостаточность в возрасте 12 лет проведена трансплантация почки. Летальный исход констатирован у пробанда с нефронофтизом при синдроме Меккеля–Грубера 4-го типа вследствие мутаций в гене CEP290. Представлены орфанные синдромы Меккеля–Грубера 4-го типа, Senior–Løken 6-го типа, CHARGE, папиллоренальный вследствие мутаций генов и при делеции длинного плеча хромосомы 2, микроделеционном синдроме 17q12, при делеции короткого плеча хромосомы 12, в структуре которых охарактеризованы особенности фенотипа и генотипа кистозных болезней почек у детей.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>kidney cysts</kwd><kwd>orphan hereditary syndrome</kwd><kwd>gene mutation</kwd><kwd>chromosome deletion</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кистозы почек</kwd><kwd>орфанный наследственный синдром</kwd><kwd>мутация гена</kwd><kwd>делеция хромосомы</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andreeva EF. 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