Pediatrician (St. Petersburg)Pediatrician (St. Petersburg)2079-78502587-6252Eco-Vector670910.17816/PED83130-141Research ArticleCardiovascular complications of antineoplastic therapy in childrenKulyovaSvetlana A<p>MD, PhD, Dr Med Sci, Associate Professor, Head. Department of Children`s Chemoterapy and Combined Modality Therapy</p>Kulevadoc@yandex.ruSemiglazovaTatiana Yu<p>MD, PhD, Dr Med Sci, Leading Scientist, Scientific Department of Innovative Methods of Therapy and Rehabilitation</p>Kulevadoc@yandex.ruZvyagintsevaDaria A<p>Postgraduate Student, Scientific Department of Innovative Methods of Therapy and Rehabilitation</p>Kulevadoc@yandex.ruBelogurovaMargarita B<p>MD, PhD, Dr Med Sci, Professor, Head, Department of Oncology with Radiology and Radiotherapy Course</p>Kulevadoc@yandex.ruIvanovaSvetlana V<p>Department of Children`s Chemoterapy and Combined Modality Therapy</p>Kulevadoc@yandex.ruOkishevaIrina V<p>Resident doctor, Scientific Department of Innovative Methods of Therapy and Rehabilitation</p>Kulevadoc@yandex.ruN.N. Petrov Research Institute of OncologySt Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation150520178313014120062017Copyright © 2017, Kulyova S.A., Semiglazova T.Y., Zvyagintseva D.A., Belogurova M.B., Ivanova S.V., Okisheva I.V.2017<p>The improvement of long-term survival in children with malignant tumors is noted in the last five decades. Serious late consequences of the applied therapy including early death, the second tumors, different organ dysfunctions (heart, gonads, liver, lungs) began to come to light with increase in number of cured and follow-up. The article discusses the emergence of cardiotoxicity in children treated with cytostatic and radiation therapy for malignant tumors. Particular attention is paid to the influence of anthracycline antibiotics on the state of the heart muscle. Anthracycline and similar medicines - doxorubicin, rubomycin, idarubicin, mitoxantrone - are an important component of most regimen of chemotherapy in children. Briefly describes the history of the application of this group of drugs in oncology and the study of their effects on heart function. The attention to the pathogenesis of anthracycline cardiotoxicity risk factors for its development, display options, how to identify and mitigate. We describe the clinical manifestations of early and late cardiotoxicity arising after the application of antitumor antibiotics anthracyclines. The article defines the role of chemotherapeutic agents other groups in the development and worsening cardiotoxicity. No less important role in the development of long-term effects of the heart and blood vessels plays radiotherapy. The paper paid attention to cardiovascular dysfunctions that arise in different periods of observation after irradiation of the mediastinum. Finally, recommendations for practitioners on screening, monitoring and treatment of identified diseases of the cardiovascular system in patients cured of childhood malignancies are presented.</p>childrenantineoplastic therapyanthracyclinecardiotoxicityдетипротивоопухолевое лечениеантрациклиныкардиотоксичность[1. Adams MJ, Hardenbergh PH, Coustine LS, Lipshultz SE. Radiation-associated cardiovascular disease. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2003;45:55-75. doi: 10.1016/S1040-8428(01)00227-X.][2. Goorin AM, Borow KM, Goldman A, et al. Congestive heart failure due to adriamycin cardiotoxicity: its natural history in children. Cancer. 1981;47:2810-6. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19810615)47:12<2810:: AID-CNCR2820471210>3.0.CO;2-4.][3. Green DM, Grigoriev YA, Nan B, et al. Congestive heart failure after treatment for Wilms’ tumor: a report from the National Wilms’ Tumor Study Group. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:1296-34. doi: 10.1200/jco.2001.19.7.1926.][4. Hancock SL, Tucker MA, Hoppe RT, et al. 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