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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatrician (St. Petersburg)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatrician (St. Petersburg)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Педиатр</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2079-7850</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6252</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">8850</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/PED9236-40</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">A meta-analysis of prenatal diagnosis of congenital malformations of the airways</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Метаанализ пренатальной диагностики врожденных пороков развития верхних дыхательных путей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuranova</surname><given-names>Liudmila B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куранова</surname><given-names>Людмила Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Otorhinolaryngology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра оториноларингологии</p></bio><email>alekseevalb@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Breusenko</surname><given-names>Dmitrii V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бреусенко</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Витальевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head ENT Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий ЛОР-клиникой</p></bio><email>lor-gpma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>Maria L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Мария Леонидовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ассистент кафедры оториноларингологии</p></bio><email>dr.essina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 9, NO2 (2018)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 9, №2 (2018)</issue-title><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-05-21"><day>21</day><month>05</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Kuranova L.B., Breusenko D.V., Zakharova M.L.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Куранова Л.Б., Бреусенко Д.В., Захарова М.Л.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuranova L.B., Breusenko D.V., Zakharova M.L.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Куранова Л.Б., Бреусенко Д.В., Захарова М.Л.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/pediatr/article/view/8850">https://journals.eco-vector.com/pediatr/article/view/8850</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Congenital malformations of the respiratory tract is an important issue. They cause more than 100 deaths annually in the Russian Federation. The definition and classification of congenital malformations of the respiratory tract are described and developed by Je. A. Cvetkov. The ultrasound is the primal method used in prenatal diagnosis of congenital malformations of the upper respiratory tract. Starting from the age of 17-23 weeks old, the ultrasound shows the following signs: hyperechoic lungs, dilatation of the lower respiratory tract, flattening of the diaphragm. This ultrasound pattern is typical for Congenital High Airway Obstruction Syndrome (CHAOS). If the doctor suspects an identifying of these signs, a follow-up examination is recommended. If the congenital obstruction of the upper respiratory tract is diagnosed during the pregnancy, the childbirth for patients must be performed in the hospital, where it is possible to perform tracheotomy and artificial ventilation of the lungs to the newborn, to operate him with placental support. This type of surgical treatment by the EXIT method (The ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure) is a new stage in neonatal surgery. A meta-analysis of 15 articles in the foreign literature about the detection of CHAOS from 1993 to 2014 was conducted. The analysis includes studies with more than 5 described cases. The statistics of diagnosis and treatment of congenital malformations of the larynx of patients of the ENT clinic of SPbSPMU for the period from 2003 to 2016 with the diagnosis of congenital malformation of the larynx is presented.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Врожденные пороки развития дыхательных путей ежегодно становятся причиной смерти более 100 человек в Российской Федерации. Определение, классификация пороков развития верхних дыхательных путей разработаны Э.А. Цветковым. К пренатальной диагностике врожденных пороков развития верхних дыхательных путей относится в первую очередь ультразвуковое исследование (УЗИ). Начиная с 17–23 недель на УЗИ видны следующие признаки: гиперэхогенные легкие, расширение нижних дыхательных путей, уплощение диафрагмы. Такая УЗИ-картина характерна для синдрома врожденной обструкции верхних дыхательных путей, или CHAOS (Congenital High Airway Obstruction Syndrome). При подозрении на выявление этих признаков рекомендовано дообследование. При внутриутробно диагностированной врожденной обструкции верхних дыхательных путей родоразрешение для пациентов должно проходить в стационаре, где есть возможность провести трахеотомию и искусственную вентиляцию легких новорожденному, прооперировать его при плацентарной поддержке. Такой вид оперативного лечения методом EXIT (The ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure — внематочное интранатальное лечение) является новым этапом нео натальной хирургии. Проведен метаанализ 15 статей в иностранной литературе с целью выявления CHAOS с 1993 по 2014 г. В анализ включены исследования с выборкой пациентов более 5 человек. Представлена статистика диагностики и лечения врожденных пороков развития гортани пациентов ЛОР-клиники СПбГПМУ за период с 2003 по 2016 г. с диагнозом «врожденный порок развития гортани».</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>congenital malformation</kwd><kwd>congenital malformation of the larynx</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>врожденные пороки</kwd><kwd>врожденные пороки верхних дыхательных путей</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Алексеева Л.Б., Бреусенко Д.В. Тактика лечения кист гортани // Педиатр. - 2017. - Т. 8. - Спецвыпуск. - С. М34. [Alekseeva LB, Breusenko DV. Tactic of treatment of cysts of the larynx. Pediatrician (St. Petersburg). 2017;8(Supl.):M34. (In Russ.)]</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Захарова М.Л., Павлов П.В. 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