小儿骨科和创伤学中的胸椎和腰椎旁麻醉（文献综述）

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详细

论证。椎旁麻醉是一种历史悠久的区域麻醉方法，已经使用了一个多世纪。它一般用于成人，是治疗疼痛的有效方法。椎旁麻醉并不是一种简单的区域麻醉方法，其并发症发生率相对较高。迄今为止，这些特点一直是儿科手术中使用该方法的严重障碍。幸运的是，随着超声波技术的进步，椎旁麻醉已成功应用于小儿骨科和创伤科，为手术麻醉开辟了新的可能性。

目的。本研究旨在评估椎旁麻醉作为小儿骨科和创伤科麻醉管理重要组成部分的发展现状和近期前景。

材料和方法。本综述的研究对象是在PubMed、Crossref、Google scholar、Scopus和RSCI数据库中搜索到的可用信息源，没有语言限制。信息搜索的深度为90年（截至1932年）。在撰写文章的过程中，我们在所获信息的基础上采用了分析和综合的方法来构建最终的分析推论。

结果。各种病例报告和病例综述介绍了小儿骨科、创伤和整形外科胸椎和腰椎椎旁麻醉的经验，表明胸椎椎旁麻醉（结合全身麻醉）是目前的首选方法，并与胸硬膜外阻滞和高位背部伸直肌阻滞（ESP阻滞）形成竞争。

结论。在超声波检查和控制下，腰肌间隔阻滞形式的椎旁麻醉是骨盆骨科手术最可靠、最合适的区域麻醉方法。

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作者简介

Mikhail N. Dolgopolskii

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Email: mdolgopolsky@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7690-2340

MD, Anesthesiologist and Intensivist

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Viktor A. Koriachkin

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery; Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: vakoryachkin@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3400-8989
SPIN 代码: 6101-0578

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg; Saint Petersburg

Dmitrii V. Zabolotskii

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery; Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: zdv4330303@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6127-0798
SPIN 代码: 6726-2571

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg; Saint Petersburg

Rustam R. Safin

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Сhildren’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery; Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: safin_r.r@hotmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0960-7426
SPIN 代码: 7464-7151

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg; Saint Petersburg

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补充文件

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1. JATS XML
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2. Fig. 1. Posterior and medial border of the paravertebral space by Macintosh (a) and Bruce-Smith (b) [10]

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3. Fig. 2. Contrast agents flow from left to right along the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral bodies through the posterior mediastinum into the opposite PA (arrows) [12]

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4. Fig. 3. Fascia and muscles of the lumbar paravertebral space [17]

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5. Fig. 4. Ventral branches of the lumbar plexus and sacrolumbar trunk [17]

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