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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ортопедия, травматология и восстановительная хирургия детского возраста</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2309-3994</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2410-8731</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">106389</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/PTORS106389</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>Clinical studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Impaired supporting function of the feet in adolescents with congenital cleft lip and palate with a mesial ratio of dentition</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нарушение опорной функции стоп у подростков с врожденными расщелинами губы и нёба при мезиальном соотношении зубных рядов</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5546-2729</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57190070174</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5901-2048</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikityuk</surname><given-names>Igor E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитюк</surname><given-names>Игорь Евгеньевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>femtotech@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1295-1554</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57193276067</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2603-1085</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>Mikhail G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>Михаил Георгиевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>sem_mikhail@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4675-8517</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4930-8561</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Botsarova</surname><given-names>Sofia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боцарова</surname><given-names>Софья Алексеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, resident</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ординатор</p></bio><email>Dr.Botsarova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской травматологии и ортопедии им. Г.И. Турнера</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-08-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-09-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>255</fpage><lpage>270</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-04-19"><day>19</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-08-02"><day>02</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Nikityuk I.E., Semenov M.G., Botsarova S.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Никитюк И.Е., Семенов М.Г., Боцарова С.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2022, Nikityuk I., Semenov M., Botsarova S.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikityuk I.E., Semenov M.G., Botsarova S.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никитюк И.Е., Семенов М.Г., Боцарова С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Nikityuk I., Semenov M., Botsarova S.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-09-13"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/turner/article/view/106389">https://journals.eco-vector.com/turner/article/view/106389</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND:</italic></bold> Impaired occlusal relationships of dental rows can cause adaptive changes in the entire musculoskeletal system, including the feet. Thus, studying the biomechanics of the feet with the possibility of changing the medical rehabilitation program of patients with dentomaxillofacial anomalies of various geneses is important.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM:</italic></bold> To investigate the plantographic characteristics of the feet in adolescents with congenital cleft lip and palate and combined dentomaxillofacial anomaly with a mesial ratio of dental rows and analyze patterns of distribution of plantar pressure before and after reconstructive operations on the jaws and restoration of facial harmony.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</italic> </bold>The study included 31 patients of both sexes aged 15–17 years, who were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 15 patients with congenital cleft lip and palate after the early stages of reconstructive surgery (cheilorhinoplasty and uranoplasty) and developed a combined dentomaxillofacial anomaly. The second group, with milder lesion, included 16 patients with combined dentomaxillofacial anomaly and do not have congenital cleft lip and palate. Patients had skeletal forms of mesial ratios of dental rows. To correct the bite and restore the aesthetics of the face, all patients underwent simultaneous bone reconstructive (“orthognathic”) surgery on the upper and lower jaws, including genioplasty in some of them, to restore the normal relationship of the jaw bones and harmonize the face. The plantographic characteristics of the feet were studied in patients before surgery and 1–6 months after surgery. The results of these two groups were compared with a pantographic examination of 18 healthy children (control group) without these pathologies in the maxillofacial region and without impairment of the supporting function of the foot.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS:</italic></bold> The first and second groups had a significant decrease in the indices of support on both feet before surgery: <italic>t</italic>, up to 85 (normal, 96); <italic>m</italic>, up to 16 (normal, 23); and <italic>s</italic>, up to 20 (normal, 24), which indicate a decrease in the spring function of the transverse and longitudinal arches and impairment of the supporting function of the feet. It was most pronounced in patients with congenital cleft lip and palate. Deviations in the magnitude of the Clark angle α were multidirectional on the left and right feet, which indicated an abnormally high asymmetry of the load distribution between the feet. Functional relationships between the foot arches were pathologically enhanced to values of <italic>r</italic><italic><sub>s</sub></italic> = 0.83 (normal, <italic>r</italic><italic><sub>s</sub></italic> = 0.14), which indicated a formed pathological support strategy of the feet. After reconstructive operations on the jaws, the biomechanics of the feet in patients with combined dentomaxillofacial anomaly (without congenital cleft lip and palate) tended to normalize.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSIONS:</italic></bold> It is necessary to consider the possible aggravating effect of the feet with a modified support strategy on the condition of the dentofacial area. Moreover, the comprehensive diagnosis plan of adolescents with congenital cleft lip and palate and combined dentomaxillofacial anomaly and combined dentomaxillofacial anomaly (without congenital cleft lip and palate) should include a study of the supporting function of the feet, considering rehabilitation measures to correct the distribution of plantar pressure.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Обоснование.</italic> </bold>Нарушения окклюзионных взаимоотношений зубных рядов могут вызывать адаптивные изменения во всей опорно-двигательной системе, в том числе в стопах. С учетом этого большое значение имеет изучение биомеханики стоп с возможностью изменения программы медицинской реабилитации пациентов с зубочелюстно-лицевыми аномалиями различного генеза.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель</italic> </bold>— исследование плантографических характеристик стоп у подростков с врожденными расщелинами губы и нёба, сочетанной зубочелюстно-лицевой аномалией и мезиальным соотношением зубных рядов до и после реконструктивных операций, направленных на улучшение окклюзионного взаимоотношения челюстей.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы.</italic></bold> В исследование включен 31 пациент. Пациенты (обоего пола в возрасте от 15 до 17 лет) разделены на две группы. Первая группа — 15 человек с врожденными расщелинами губы и нёба после ранних этапов реконструктивных операций (хейлоринопластики и уранопластики) и сочетанной зубочелюстно-лицевой аномалией. Вторая группа (с более легким поражением) — 16 человек с сочетанной зубочелюстно-лицевой аномалией без врожденных расщелин губы и нёба. У пациентов этих двух групп диагностированы скелетные формы зубочелюстных аномалий с мезиальным соотношением зубных рядов. С целью коррекции прикуса и восстановления эстетики лица всем пациентам была выполнена одномоментная костно-реконструктивная («ортогнатическая») операция на верхней, нижней челюстях, включая у части из них гениопластику. Изучены плантографические характеристики стоп у этих пациентов до и через 1–6 мес. после операции. Результаты исследования этих пациентов сравнивали с данными плантографического обследования 18 здоровых детей (контрольная группа) без указанной патологии в челюстно-лицевой области и без нарушения опорной функции стоп.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты.</italic></bold> У пациентов двух групп перед операцией выявлено значимое уменьшение индексов опоры на обеих стопах: <italic>t</italic> — до 85 (норма — 96), <italic>m</italic> — до 16 (норма — 23) и <italic>s</italic> — до 20 (норма — 24), что означает снижение рессорной функции поперечного и продольных сводов и нарушение опорной функции стоп, наиболее выраженное у пациентов с врожденными расщелинами губы и нёба. Отклонения в величине угла Кларка α были разнонаправленные на левой и правой стопах, что свидетельствует об аномально высокой асимметрии распределения нагрузки между стопами. Функциональные взаимосвязи между сводами стоп были патологически усилены до значений <italic>r</italic><italic><sub>s</sub></italic> = 0,83 (в норме — 0,14), что указывает на сформировавшуюся патологическую опорную стратегию стоп. После реконструктивных операций на челюстях у пациентов с сочетанной зубочелюстно-лицевой аномалией (без врожденных расщелин губы и нёба) наметилась тенденция к нормализации биомеханики стоп.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic> </bold>Необходимо учитывать возможное отягощающее влияние стоп с измененной опорной стратегией на состояние зубочелюстного аппарата и включать в план комплексной диагностики подростков с врожденными расщелинами губы и нёба и сочетанной зубочелюстно-лицевой аномалией и только с сочетанной зубочелюстно-лицевой аномалией (без врожденных расщелин губы и нёба) исследование опорной функции стоп с возможностью проведения реабилитационных мероприятий, направленных на коррекцию распределения подошвенного давления.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cleft lip and palate</kwd><kwd>dentomaxillofacial anomalies</kwd><kwd>mesial bite</kwd><kwd>the support surface of the foot</kwd><kwd>plantography</kwd><kwd>stabilometry</kwd><kwd>sagittal balance of the body</kwd><kwd>kinematic chains</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>расщелина губы и неба</kwd><kwd>зубочелюстно-лицевая аномалия</kwd><kwd>мезиальный прикус</kwd><kwd>опорная поверхность стопы</kwd><kwd>плантография</kwd><kwd>стабилометрия</kwd><kwd>сагиттальный баланс тела</kwd><kwd>кинематические цепи</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Isaia B, Ravarotto M, Finotti P, et al. 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