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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ортопедия, травматология и восстановительная хирургия детского возраста</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2309-3994</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2410-8731</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">11188</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/PTORS7315-24</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Relative overgrowth of the greater trochanter and trochanteric-pelvic impingement syndrome in children: causes and X-ray anatomical characteristics</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гипертрофия большого вертела и вертельно-тазовый импинджмент-синдром у детей (причины формирования, рентгеноанатомическая характеристика)</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>儿童大转子相对发育过度和转子-骨盆撞击综合征: 畸形病因和放射学特征</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7026-1586</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3744-8613</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdnikin</surname><given-names>Ivan Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поздникин</surname><given-names>Иван Юрьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Research Associate of the Department of Hip Pathology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник отделения патологии тазобедренного сустава</p></bio><email>pozdnikin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0647-412X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baskov</surname><given-names>Vladimir E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басков</surname><given-names>Владимир Евгеньевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Hip Pathology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, руководитель отделения патологии тазобедренного сустава</p></bio><email>drbaskov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9084-5634</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Barsukov</surname><given-names>Dmitry B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барсуков</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Борисович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Senior Research Associate of the Department of Hip Pathology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения патологии тазобедренного сустава</p></bio><email>dbbarsukov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4931-2817</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bortulev</surname><given-names>Pavel I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бортулёв</surname><given-names>Павел Игоревич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Research Associate of the Department of Hip Pathology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник отделения патологии тазобедренного сустава</p></bio><email>pavel.bortulev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasnov</surname><given-names>Andrey I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Краснов</surname><given-names>Андрей Иванович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Orthopedic and Trauma Surgeon of the Consultative and Diagnostic Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, врач травматолог-ортопед консультативно-диагностического отделения</p></bio><email>turner02@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Turner Scientific Research Institute for Children’s Orthopedics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Научно-исследовательский детский ортопедический институт им. Г.И. Турнера» Минздрава России</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2019-08-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>08</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-10-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-02-21"><day>21</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-06-18"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Pozdnikin I.Y., Baskov V.E., Barsukov D.B., Bortulev P.I., Krasnov A.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Поздникин И.Ю., Басков В.Е., Барсуков Д.Б., Бортулёв П.И., Краснов А.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2019, Pozdnikin I., Baskov V., Barsukov D., Bortulev P., Krasnov A.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pozdnikin I.Y., Baskov V.E., Barsukov D.B., Bortulev P.I., Krasnov A.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Поздникин И.Ю., Басков В.Е., Барсуков Д.Б., Бортулёв П.И., Краснов А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Pozdnikin I., Baskov V., Barsukov D., Bortulev P., Krasnov A.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/turner/article/view/11188">https://journals.eco-vector.com/turner/article/view/11188</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The formation of multiplanar deformities of the proximal femur, in most cases combined with hypertrophy of the greater trochanter (relative overgrowth of the greater trochanter (ROGT)) and its high position relative to the femoral head, up to the development of pelvic and pelvic spine syndrome (trochanteric-pelvic impingement), has been considered one of the most common problems in the treatment of children with hip joint pathology of various etiologies.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> The aim of this study was to determine the causes of and characterize the X-ray anatomical changes in children with ROGT.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> This study is based on an analysis of the survey results of 350 children 3 to 17 years old with an emerging high position of the greater trochanter due to various diseases of the hip joint. Details of the radiological indicators characterizing the change in the growth of the greater trochanter relative to the head and neck of the thigh were examined in 68 of these children (112 joints).</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Most often, hypertrophy of the greater trochanter was observed in children with the sequele of ischemic disorders that occurred during the conservative treatment of hip dysplasia and developmental hip dislocation, as well as due to previous hematogenous osteomyelitis. It was revealed that in the affected hip joints, there was a regular decrease in the articulo-trochanteric distance index; simultaneously, TTD values, which characterize the isolated growth of the greater trochanter, were almost the same in normal and pathological conditions (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> Damage to the growth plates of the pineal gland and neck of the femur of various etiologies was the reason for ROGT formation. The X-ray anatomical changes include progressive shortening of the femoral neck. Moderately pronounced in preschool-age children, they progress with the child’s growth and become the cause of chronic trauma injuries of the components of the hip joint.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Одна из наиболее распространенных проблем при лечении детей с различной патологией тазобедренного сустава заключается в развитии многоплоскостных деформаций проксимального отдела бедренной кости, включающих гипертрофию большого вертела (relative overgrowth of the greater trochanter, ROGT) — его высокое положение относительно головки бедра, вплоть до развития вертельно-тазового импинджмент-синдрома (trochanteric-pelvic impingement, TPI) в дальнейшем.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> — уточнить причины формирования и охарактеризовать рентгеноанатомические изменения у детей с гипертрофией большого вертела (ROGT).</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Настоящее исследование основано на анализе результатов обследования 350 детей в возрасте от 3 до 17 лет с формирующимся высоким положением большого вертела в результате различных заболеваний тазобедренного сустава. Из них у 56 детей (112 суставов) подробно рассмотрены рентгенологические показатели, характеризующие изменение роста большого вертела относительно головки и шейки бедра.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Наиболее часто гипертрофия большого вертела отмечалась у детей с последствиями ишемических нарушений, возникших при консервативном лечении дисплазии тазобедренных суставов и врожденного вывиха бедра, а также вследствие перенесенного гематогенного остеомиелита. Выявлена закономерность уменьшения в динамике показателя ATD (articulo-trochanteric distance) в пораженных тазобедренных суставах (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0,05); при этом значения величины TTD (trochanter-to-trochanter distance), характеризующей изолированный рост большого вертела и в норме и при патологии, практически не отличались (<italic>p</italic> &gt; 0,05).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Причинами формирования гипертрофии большого вертела является ишемическое поражение зон роста эпифиза и шейки бедренной кости различной этиологии. Рентгеноанатомические изменения характеризуются прогрессирующим укорочением шейки бедра: относительно умеренно выраженные у детей дошкольного возраста, с ростом ребенка они обусловливают хроническую взаимную травматизацию компонентов тазобедренного сустава.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p><bold>引言</bold>：近端股骨多维畸形一直被视为儿童多病因髋关节疾病治疗过程中最常见的问题之一，大多合并大转子肥大[大转子相对发育过度（ROGT）]、大转子高位（相对于股骨头）、骨盆综合征（转子-骨盆撞击）。</p> <p><bold>目的：</bold>本研究的目的是确定ROGT患儿X线解剖学改变的原因和特征。</p> <p><bold>材料和方法：</bold>本研究对350例3至17岁患儿的研究结果进行分析，这些患儿因多种髋关节疾病新发大转子高位。对其中68例患儿（112例关节）放射学指标进行详细研究，这些指标的特征是大转子相对于股骨头和股骨颈出现发育改变。</p> <p><bold>结果：</bold>大转子肥大大多见于有缺血性疾病后遗症的患儿，缺血性疾病在髋关节发育不良和发育性髋关节脱位治疗期间发作，且由既往血源性骨髓炎所致。研究发现，受累髋关节的关节面转子间距离指标定期降低；同时，反映大转子单一性发育的转子间距（TTD）在正常和病理状态下几乎相同（p &lt; 0.05）。</p> <p><bold>结论：</bold>ROGT由多种病因下的松果腺生长板及股骨颈损害所致。X线解剖学改变包括股骨颈进行性缩短。这些改变在学龄前儿童中较为明显，其在患儿发育过程中呈进行性发展，造成髋关节慢性创伤。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hip joint</kwd><kwd>avascular necrosis</kwd><kwd>relative overgrowth of the greater trochanter (ROGT)</kwd><kwd>trochanteric-pelvic impingement (TPI)</kwd><kwd>articulo-trochanteric distance (ATD)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тазобедренный сустав</kwd><kwd>аваскулярный некроз головки бедра</kwd><kwd>гипертрофия большого вертела</kwd><kwd>вертельно-тазовый импинджмент-синдром</kwd><kwd>артикуло-трохантерная дистанция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>髋关节</kwd><kwd>缺血性坏死</kwd><kwd>大转子相对发育过度（ROGT）</kwd><kwd>转子-骨盆撞击（TPI）</kwd><kwd>关节面转子间距离（ATD）。</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">State task</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственное задание</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id></award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ganz R, Parvizi J, Beck M, et al. 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