Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive SurgeryPediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive SurgeryОртопедия, травматология и восстановительная хирургия детского возрастаPediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery2309-39942410-8731Eco-Vector695610.17816/PTORS6167-77ReviewОбзоры литературыReview ArticleObjectification of motor disorders in children with cerebral palsy: what we know so farОбъективизация двигательных нарушений у детей с церебральным параличом: состояние вопросаBorzikovVladimir V.БорзиковВладимир Владимирович
Russian Federation

MD, Junior Research Worker, Department of Functional Diagnostics

младший научный сотрудник отделения функциональной диагностики

rukinann@mail.ruRukinaNatalia N.РукинаНаталья Николаевна
Russian Federation

MD, PhD, Senior Research Worker, Department of Functional Diagnostics

канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения функциональной диагностики

rukinann@mail.ruKuznetsovAlexei N.КузнецовАлексей Николаевич
Russian Federation

MD, Junior Research Worker, Department of Functional Diagnostics

младший научный сотрудник отделения функциональной диагностики

rukinann@mail.ruBelovaAnna N.БеловаАнна Наумовна
Russian Federation

MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Department of Functional Diagnostics

д-р мед. наук, профессор, руководитель отделения функциональной диагностики

rukinann@mail.ruPrivolzhsky Research Medical UniversityФГБОУ ВО «ПИМУ» Минздрава России260320186167770509201715122017Copyright ©; 2018, Borzikov V.V., Rukina N.N., Kuznetsov A.N., Belova A.N.Copyright ©; 2018, Борзиков В.В., Рукина Н.Н., Кузнецов А.Н., Белова А.Н.2018Borzikov V.V., Rukina N.N., Kuznetsov A.N., Belova A.N.Борзиков В.В., Рукина Н.Н., Кузнецов А.Н., Белова А.Н.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://journals.eco-vector.com/turner/article/view/6956

This study provides an overview of the recent literature regarding the assessment methods of the functional state of the locomotor system in children with cerebral palsy. The objective methods of quantitative assessment of motor disorders in cerebral palsy are presented, including the measurement of stability, biomechanical assessment of walking, and video analysis of movements. The influence of the cognitive load on the ability to maintain the vertical posture in children with cerebral palsy as well as the changes in the stability of the vertical posture with closed eyes were observed. Changes in the walking parameters with an increase in the speed were also recorded in children with cerebral palsy.

Methods that assess hand motion in children with cerebral palsy include tests involving the moving of objects, tests for speed assessment in joint movements, and video analysis of motions.

The methods and tests for such an evaluation require to be valid and reliable, allowing an objective assessment of the severity of motor disorders in cerebral palsy.

В статье представлен обзор современных литературных источников по методам оценки функционального состояния локомоторной системы детей с церебральным параличом. Приведены объективные методы количественной оценки двигательных нарушений при детском церебральном параличе (ДЦП), к которым относятся стабилометрия, биомеханические исследования ходьбы, видеоанализ движений. Описано влияние когнитивной нагрузки на способность к поддержанию вертикальной позы у детей с ДЦП, а также изменение устойчивости вертикальной позы с закрытыми глазами. Отмечено изменение параметров ходьбы с возрастанием ее скорости у детей с ДЦП.

К методам, оценивающим моторику кисти у детей с церебральным параличом, можно отнести тесты с перемещением предметов, тесты на скорость движений в суставах и видеоанализ движений.

Используемые методы и тесты должны иметь доказанную валидность и надежность, что позволит объективно оценивать степень выраженности двигательных нарушений при детском церебральном параличе.

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