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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Urology reports (St. - Petersburg)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Urology reports (St. - Petersburg)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Урологические ведомости</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Urology reports (St. - Petersburg)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2225-9074</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2687-1416</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">34863</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/uroved34863</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Varicocele and its effect on fertility</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Варикоцеле и его влияние на фертильность</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>精索静脉曲张对生育能力的影响研究</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7024-0062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zamyatnin</surname><given-names>Sergey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Замятнин</surname><given-names>Сергей Алексеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Urologist. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chief physician</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, врач-уролог, кафедра акушерства и гинекологии</p> <p> </p></bio><email>elysium2000@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2768-7253</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gonchar</surname><given-names>Irina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончар</surname><given-names>Ирина Сергеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Science, Assistant of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии</p></bio><email>bonechka@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4272-5069</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Schmidt</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шмидт</surname><given-names>Андрей Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department and Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chief Gynecologist of the Ministry of Defense of the RF</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, начальник кафедры и клиники акушерства и гинекологии, главный гинеколог Министерства обороны РФ</p></bio><email>ShmidtAA@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, Saint Petersburg</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Priozersk interdistrict hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Приозерская межрайонная больница</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2021-06-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-08-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>105</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-06-28"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-12-13"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, ООО «Эко-Вектор»</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2021, Zamyatnin S., Shmidt A., Gonchar I.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Эко-Вектор»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Zamyatnin S., Shmidt A., Gonchar I.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2024-08-18"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/uroved/article/view/34863">https://journals.eco-vector.com/uroved/article/view/34863</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Varicocele is recognized as one of the most common urological diseases, but its true prevalence is a matter of debate. In the present study, during a screening examination of 442 young men (mean age 21.6 years), grade I varicocele was detected in 7.2%, grade II – in 42.1%, and grade III – in 15.2% of men, varicocele was absent only in 35.5% of men. In 41% of cases, varicocele was diagnosed in isolation on the left side, in 36.5% of cases, bilateral varicocele was detected, and in 22.5%, varicose veins of the spermatic cord were detected on the right. Pathozoospermia was found in 47.3% of patients with grade II varicocele and 61.2% with grade III varicocele. The data obtained in the course of the study showed a significant effect of varicocele and its duration on sperm quality, in particular, on sperm morphology.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Варикоцеле признают одним из самых распространенных урологических заболеваний, однако его истинная распространенность является предметом дискуссии. В настоящем исследовании при скрининговом обследовании 442 молодых мужчин (средний возраст 21,6 года) варикоцеле I степени выявлено у 7,2 %, II степени — у 42,1 % и III степени — у 15,2 % мужчин, варикоцеле отсутствовало только у 35,5 % мужчин. В 41 % случаев варикоцеле диагностировано изолированно с левой стороны, в 36,5 % случаев — выявлено двустороннее варикоцеле и в 22,5 % варикозное расширение вен семенного канатика определялось справа. У 47,3 % пациентов с варикоцеле II степени и у 61,2 % с варикоцеле III степеней выявлена патозооспермия. Полученные в ходе исследования данные показали существенное влияние варикоцеле и его длительности на качество спермы, в частности, на морфологию сперматозоидов.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>精索静脉曲张被认为是泌尿系统最常见的疾病之一，但其真正的患病率是一个争论的问题。在本研究中，对442名年轻男性（平均年龄为21.6岁）进行筛查，发现I级精索静脉曲张的男性占7.2%，II级占42.1%，III级占15.2%，只有35.5%的男性没有精索静脉曲张。41%的病例在左侧单独诊断精索静脉曲张，36.5%的病例在双侧发现精索静脉曲张，22.5%的病例在右侧发现精索静脉曲张。在II级精索静脉曲张患者中，有47.3%的患者出现病源性精子症，在III级精索静脉曲张患者中有61.2%出现病源性精子症。研究过程中获得的数据显示精索静脉曲张及其持续时间对精子质量，特别是精子形态有显著影响。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>varicocele</kwd><kwd>male infertility</kwd><kwd>pathozoospermia</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>варикоцеле</kwd><kwd>мужское бесплодие</kwd><kwd>патозооспермия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>精索静脉曲张</kwd><kwd>男性不育</kwd><kwd>病理精子缺乏</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agarwal A, Sharma R, Durairajanayagam D, et al. 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