<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вестник Северо-Западного государственного медицинского университета им. И.И. Мечникова</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2618-7116</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-9704</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">84052</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/mechnikov84052</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научный обзор</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Drug-induced diarrhea associated with antineoplastic drugs</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Лекарственно-индуцированная диарея, ассоциированная с применением противоопухолевых препаратов</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4496-3680</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4525-7556</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sychev</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычёв</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Алексеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Correspondence Member of the RAS, Professor of the RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, член-кор. РАН, профессор РАН</p></bio><email>dimasychev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0795-8225</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3910-6585</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostroumova</surname><given-names>Olga D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Остроумова</surname><given-names>Ольга Дмитриевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>ostroumova.olga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1999-0705</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6061-7223</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ziganshina</surname><given-names>Liliya E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зиганшина</surname><given-names>Лилия Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>lezign@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3081-602X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filippova</surname><given-names>Anastasiya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филиппова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Витальевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ординатор кафедры терапии и полиморбидной патологии имени академика М.С. Вовси</p></bio><email>filippova.96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-10-28"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-11-05"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Sychev D.A., Ostroumova O.D., Ziganshina L.E., Filippova A.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Сычёв Д.А., Остроумова О.Д., Зиганшина Л.Е., Филиппова А.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2021, Sychev D., Ostroumova O., Ziganshina L., Filippova A.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sychev D.A., Ostroumova O.D., Ziganshina L.E., Filippova A.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сычёв Д.А., Остроумова О.Д., Зиганшина Л.Е., Филиппова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Sychev D., Ostroumova O., Ziganshina L., Filippova A.</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/vszgmu/article/view/84052">https://journals.eco-vector.com/vszgmu/article/view/84052</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Diarrhea is the most common adverse reaction of anticancer drugs, as well as radiation therapy of the pelvic organs or abdominal cavity: the incidence of diarrhea of different seveity reaches 80% during chemotherapy and / or radiation therapy; one third of these patients develop severe diarrhea (3<sup>rd</sup> or 4<sup>th</sup> degree). Most often, drug-induced diarrhea occurs during chemotherapy, using 5-fluorouracil or irinotecan, taking new anticancer drugs from the classes of checkpoint inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The most common mechanisms underlying the development of drug-induced diarrhea are damage to the intestinal mucosa, impaired absorption of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, inflammation, a perverse immune response, microflora imbalance, and others.</p> <p>Algorithms for the management of patients with severe diarrhea include suspension (grade 1-2, 3) or complete cessation (grade 4, grade 3) of the use of an antineoplastic agent – an inducer, prescribing drugs that reduce intestinal motility (loperamide) while excluding the infectious nature of diarrhea, intravenous methylprednisolone (for example, diarrhea caused by monoclinal antibodies in the absence of suspicion of potential bowel perforation). In cases where drug-induced diarrhea lasts more than 48 hours, or a patient reports symptoms of dehydration, or a fever occurs, urgent hospitalization is necessary.</p> <p>The objective of this review is to analyze scientific literature data on the prevalence, pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors for the development of diarrhea associated with the intake of anticancer drugs, as well as its prevention and treatment.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Диарея является наиболее распространенной нежелательной реакцией на прием противоопухолевых препаратов, лучевую терапию органов малого таза или брюшной полости. Частота диареи всех степеней тяжести во время химиотерапии и/или лучевой терапии достигает 80 %, причем у трети пациентов развивается тяжелая диарея (III или IV степени). Чаще всего лекарственно-индуцированная диарея возникает на фоне химиотерапии с использованием 5-фторурацила или иринотекана, а также приема новых противоопухолевых препаратов из классов моноклональных антител и ингибиторов тирозинкиназы. К механизмам, лежащим в основе развития лекарственно-индуцированной диареи, относятся повреждения слизистой оболочки кишечника, нарушение всасывания белков, углеводов и жиров, воспаление, гиперреакивный иммунный ответ, дисбаланс микрофлоры кишечника и др.</p> <p>Алгоритмы ведения пациентов с тяжелой диареей включают приостановку (при I–III степенях) или полное прекращение (при III–IV степенях) применения противоопухолевого средства — индуктора диареи, а также назначение препаратов, снижающих моторику кишечника, таких как лоперамид (при исключении инфекционной природы диареи) и метилпреднизолон (при диарее, вызванной моноклинальными антителами в отсутствие подозрения в отношении потенциально возможной перфорации кишечника). Если лекарственно-индуцированная диарея длится более 48 ч, пациент сообщает о симптомах обезвоживания или появилась лихорадка, необходима срочная госпитализация.</p> <p>Цель работы — анализ данных научной литературы о распространенности, патофизиологических механизмах и факторах риска развития диареи, ассоциированной с приемом противоопухолевых лекарственных средств, а также ее профилактике и лечении.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antineoplastic drugs</kwd><kwd>diarrhea</kwd><kwd>drug-induced diarrhea</kwd><kwd>adverse drug reactions</kwd><kwd>chemotherapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>противоопухолевые лекарственные средства</kwd><kwd>диарея</kwd><kwd>лекарственно-индуцированная диарея</kwd><kwd>нежелательные реакции</kwd><kwd>химиотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benson AB 3rd, Ajani JA, Catalano RB, et al. Recommended guidelines for the treatment of cancer treatment-induced diarrhea. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22(14):2918–2926. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2004.04.132</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Benson A.B. 3rd, Ajani J.A., Catalano R.B. et al. Recommended guidelines for the treatment of cancer treatment-induced diarrhea // J. Clin. Oncol. 2004. Vol. 22, No. 14. P. 2918–2926. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2004.04.132</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sanguineti G, Endres EJ, Parker BC, et al. Acute toxicity of whole-pelvis IMRT in 87 patients with localized prostate cancer. Acta Oncol. 2008;47(2):301–310. DOI: 10.1080/02841860701558849</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sanguineti G., Endres E.J., Parker B.C. et al. Acute toxicity of whole-pelvis IMRT in 87 patients with localized prostate cancer // Acta. Oncol. 2008. Vol. 47, No. 2. P. 301–310. DOI: 10.1080/02841860701558849</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maroun JA, Anthony LB, Blais N, et al. Prevention and management of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea in patients with colorectal cancer: a consensus statement by the Canadian Working Group on Chemotherapy-Induced Diarrhea. Curr Oncol. 2007;14(1):13–20. DOI: 10.3747/co.2007.96</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maroun J.A., Anthony L.B., Blais N. et al. Prevention and management of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea in patients with colorectal cancer: a consensus statement by the Canadian Working Group on Chemotherapy-Induced Diarrhea // Curr. Oncol. 2007. Vol. 14, No. 1. P. 13–20. DOI: 10.3747/co.2007.96</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bossi P, Antonuzzo A, Cherny NI, et al. Diarrhoea in adult cancer patients: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines. Ann Oncol. 2018;29(Suppl 4):iv126–iv142. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy145</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bossi P., Antonuzzo A., Cherny N.I. et al. Diarrhoea in adult cancer patients: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines // Ann. Oncol. 2018. Vol. 29, No. Suppl 4. P. iv126–iv142. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy145</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Antonuzzo A, Lucchesi M, Brunetti IM, et al. Supportive care and not only palliative care in the route of cancer patients. Support Care Cancer. 2013;21(3):657–658. DOI: 10.1007/s00520-012-1658-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Antonuzzo A., Lucchesi M., Brunetti I.M. et al. Supportive care and not only palliative care in the route of cancer patients // Support Care Cancer. 2013. Vol. 21, No. 3. P. 657–658. DOI: 10.1007/s00520-012-1658-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andreyev J, Ross P, Donnellan C, et al. Guidance on the management of diarrhoea during cancer chemotherapy. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15(10):447–460. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70006-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andreyev J., Ross P., Donnellan C. et al. Guidance on the management of diarrhoea during cancer chemotherapy // Lancet Oncol. 2014. Vol. 15, No. 10. P. 447–460. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70006-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dunberger G, Lind H, Steineck G, et al. Loose stools lead to fecal incontinence among gynecological cancer survivors. Acta Oncol. 2011;50(2):233–242. DOI: 10.3109/0284186X.2010.535013</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dunberger G., Lind H., Steineck G. et al. Loose stools lead to fecal incontinence among gynecological cancer survivors // Acta Oncol. 2011. Vol. 50, No. 2. P. 233–242. DOI: 10.3109/0284186X.2010.535013</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dunberger G, Lind H, Steineck G, et al. Self-reported symptoms of faecal incontinence among long-term gynaecological cancer survivors and population-based controls. Eur J Cancer. 2010;46(3):606–615. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2009.10.023</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dunberger G., Lind H., Steineck G. et al. Self-reported symptoms of faecal incontinence among long-term gynaecological cancer survivors and population-based controls // Eur. J. Cancer. 2010. Vol. 46, No. 3. P. 606–615. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2009.10.023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Richardson G, Dobish R. Chemotherapy induced diarrhea. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2007;13(4):181–198. DOI: 10.1177/1078155207077335</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Richardson G., Dobish R. Chemotherapy induced diarrhea // J. Oncol. Pharm. Pract. 2007. Vol. 13, No. 4. P. 181–198. DOI: 10.1177/1078155207077335</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gibson RJ, Keefe DM. Cancer chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea and constipation: mechanisms of damage and prevention strategies. Support Care Cancer. 2006;14(9):890–900. DOI: 10.1007/s00520-006-0040-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gibson R.J., Keefe D.M. Cancer chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea and constipation: mechanisms of damage and prevention strategies // Support Care Cancer. 2006. Vol. 14, No. 9. P. 890–900. DOI: 10.1007/s00520-006-0040-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andreyev HJ, Davidson SE, Gillespie C, et al. Practice guidance on the management of acute and chronic gastrointestinal problems arising as a result of treatment for cancer. Gut. 2012;61(2):179–192. DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2011-300563</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andreyev H.J., Davidson S.E., Gillespie C. et al. Practice guidance on the management of acute and chronic gastrointestinal problems arising as a result of treatment for cancer // Gut. 2012. Vol. 61, No. 2. P. 179–192. DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2011-300563</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wei D, Heus P, van de Wetering FT, et al. Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-related diarrhoea in people with cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;8(8):CD008831. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008831.pub3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wei D., Heus P., van de Wetering F.T. et al. Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-related diarrhoea in people with cancer // Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2018. Vol. 8, No. 8. P. CD008831. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008831.pub3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miller L. Guidelines for Management of Systemic Anti-Cancer Therapy (SACT) induced diarrhoea in adult haematology and oncology patients [Internet]. Available from: https://www.nhsscotlandnorth.scot/uploads/tinymce/NCA/SACT %20Guidelines/NOS-STG-003_ %20diarrhoea_version %202.pdf. Accessed: Aug 12, 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miller L. Guidelines for Management of Systemic Anti-Cancer Therapy (SACT) induced diarrhoea in adult haematology and oncology patients [Электронный ресурс]. Режим доступа: https://www.nhsscotlandnorth.scot/uploads/tinymce/NCA/SACT %20Guidelines/NOS-STG-003_ %20diarrhoea_version %202.pdf. Дата обращения: 12.08.2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Version 5 ed. U.S. [Internet]. Department of Health and Human Services. Available from: https://ctep.cancer.gov/protocoldevelopment/electronic_applications/docs/ctcae_v5_quick_reference_5x7.pdf. Accessed: Aug 12, 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Version 5 ed. U.S. [Электронный ресурс] // Department of Health and Human Services. Режим доступа: https://ctep.cancer.gov/protocoldevelopment/electronic_applications/docs/ctcae_v5_quick_reference_5x7.pdf. Дата обращения: 12.08.2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verhaar S, Vissers PA, Maas H, et al. Treatment-related differences in health related quality of life and disease specific symptoms among colon cancer survivors: results from the population-based PROFILES registry. Eur J Cancer. 2015;51(10):1263–1273. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.04.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verhaar S., Vissers P.A., Maas H. et al. Treatment-related differences in health related quality of life and disease specific symptoms among colon cancer survivors: results from the population-based PROFILES registry // Eur. J. Cancer. 2015. Vol. 51, No. 10. P. 1263–1273. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.04.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parnes HL, Fung E, Schiffer CA. Chemotherapy-induced lactose intolerance in adults. Cancer. 1994;74(5):1629–1633. DOI: 10.1002/ 1097-0142(19940901)74:5&lt;1629::aid-cncr2820740523&gt;3.0.co;2-l</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parnes H.L., Fung E., Schiffer C.A. Chemotherapy-induced lactose intolerance in adults // Cancer. 1994. Vol. 74, No. 5. P. 1629–1633. DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19940901)74:5&lt;1629::aid-cncr2820740523&gt;3.0.co;2-l</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osterlund P, Ruotsalainen T, Peuhkuri K, et al. Lactose intolerance associated with adjuvant 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004;2(8):696–703. DOI: 10.1016/s1542-3565(04)00293-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Osterlund P., Ruotsalainen T., Peuhkuri K. et al. Lactose intolerance associated with adjuvant 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy for colorectal cancer // Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2004. Vol. 2, No. 8. P. 696–703. DOI: 10.1016/s1542-3565(04)00293-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pearson AD, Craft AW, Pledger JV, et al. Small bowel function in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Arch Dis Child. 1984;59(5):460–465. DOI: 10.1136/adc.59.5.460</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pearson A.D., Craft A.W., Pledger J.V. et al. Small bowel function in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia // Arch. Dis. Child. 1984. Vol. 59, No. 5. P. 460–465. DOI: 10.1136/adc.59.5.460</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pettoello-Mantovani M, Guandalini S, diMartino L, et al. Prospective study of lactose absorption during cancer chemotherapy: feasibility of a yogurt-supplemented diet in lactose malabsorbers. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1995;20(2):189–195. DOI: 10.1097/00005176-199502000-00009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pettoello-Mantovani M., Guandalini S., diMartino L. et al. Prospective study of lactose absorption during cancer chemotherapy: feasibility of a yogurt-supplemented diet in lactose malabsorbers // J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 1995. Vol. 20, No. 2. P. 189–195. DOI: 10.1097/00005176-199502000-00009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bustillo I, Larson H, Saif MW. Small intestine bacterial overgrowth: an underdiagnosed cause of diarrhea in patients with pancreatic cancer. JOP. 2009;10(5):576–578.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bustillo I., Larson H., Saif M.W. Small intestine bacterial overgrowth: an underdiagnosed cause of diarrhea in patients with pancreatic cancer // JOP. 2009. Vol. 10, No. 5. P. 576–578.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stringer AM, Gibson RJ, Logan RM, et al. Gastrointestinal microflora and mucins may play a critical role in the development of 5-Fluorouracil-induced gastrointestinal mucositis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2009;234(4):430–441. DOI: 10.3181/0810-RM-301</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stringer A.M., Gibson R.J., Logan R.M. et al. Gastrointestinal microflora and mucins may play a critical role in the development of 5-Fluorouracil-induced gastrointestinal mucositis // Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood). 2009. Vol. 234, No. 4. P. 430–441. DOI: 10.3181/0810-RM-301</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grace E, Shaw C, Whelan K, Andreyev HJ. Review article: small intestinal bacterial overgrowth--prevalence, clinical features, current and developing diagnostic tests, and treatment. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2013;38(7):674–688. DOI: 10.1111/apt.12456</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grace E., Shaw C., Whelan K., Andreyev H.J. Review article: small intestinal bacterial overgrowth--prevalence, clinical features, current and developing diagnostic tests, and treatment // Aliment Pharmacol. Ther. 2013. Vol. 38, No. 7. P. 674–688. DOI: 10.1111/apt.12456</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grigg AP, Angus PW, Hoyt R, Szer J. The incidence, pathogenesis and natural history of steatorrhea after bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2003;31(8):701–703. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1703911</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grigg A.P., Angus P.W., Hoyt R., Szer J. The incidence, pathogenesis and natural history of steatorrhea after bone marrow transplantation // Bone Marrow Transplant. 2003. Vol. 31, No. 8. P. 701–703. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1703911</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meta-Analysis Group In Cancer, Lévy E, Piedbois P, Buyse M, et al. Toxicity of fluorouracil in patients with advanced colorectal cancer: effect of administration schedule and prognostic factors. J Clin Oncol. 1998;16(11):3537–3541. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.11.3537</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meta-Analysis Group In Cancer, Lévy E., Piedbois P., Buyse M. et al. Toxicity of fluorouracil in patients with advanced colorectal cancer: effect of administration schedule and prognostic factors // J. Clin. Oncol. 1998. Vol. 16, No. 11. P. 3537–3541. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.11.3537</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Claassen YH, van der Valk MJ, Breugom AJ, et al. Survival differences with immediate versus delayed chemotherapy for asymptomatic incurable metastatic colorectal cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;11(11):CD012326. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012326.pub2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Claassen Y.H., van der Valk M.J., Breugom A.J. et al. Survival differences with immediate versus delayed chemotherapy for asymptomatic incurable metastatic colorectal cancer // Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2018. Vol. 11, No. 11. P. CD012326. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012326.pub2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Cutsem E, Findlay M, Osterwalder B, et al. Capecitabine, an oral fluoropyrimidine carbamate with substantial activity in advanced colorectal cancer: results of a randomized phase II study. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18(6):1337–1345. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2000.18.6.1337</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Cutsem E., Findlay M., Osterwalder B. et al. Capecitabine, an oral fluoropyrimidine carbamate with substantial activity in advanced colorectal cancer: results of a randomized phase II study // J. Clin. Oncol. 2000. Vol. 18, No. 6. P. 1337–1345. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2000.18.6.1337</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yumuk PF, Aydin SZ, Dane F, et al. The absence of early diarrhea with atropine premedication during irinotecan therapy in metastatic colorectal patients. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2004;19(6):609–610. DOI: 10.1007/s00384-004-0613-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yumuk P.F., Aydin S.Z., Dane F. et al. The absence of early diarrhea with atropine premedication during irinotecan therapy in metastatic colorectal patients // Int. J. Colorectal. Dis. 2004. Vol. 19, No. 6. P. 609–610. DOI: 10.1007/s00384-004-0613-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tomita Y, Moldovan M, Chang Lee R, et al. Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago-gastric junction adenocarcinoma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;11(11):CD012078. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012078.pub2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tomita Y., Moldovan M., Chang Lee R. et al. Salvage systemic therapy for advanced gastric and oesophago-gastric junction adenocarcinoma // Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2020. Vol. 11, No. 11. P. CD012078. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012078.pub2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ramesh M, Ahlawat P, Srinivas NR. Irinotecan and its active metabolite, SN-38: review of bioanalytical methods and recent update from clinical pharmacology perspectives. Biomed Chromatogr. 2010;24(1):104–123. DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1345</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ramesh M., Ahlawat P., Srinivas N.R. Irinotecan and its active metabolite, SN-38: review of bioanalytical methods and recent update from clinical pharmacology perspectives // Biomed. Chromatogr. 2010. Vol. 24, No. 1. P. 104–123. DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1345</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wulaningsih W, Wardhana A, Watkins J, et al. Irinotecan chemotherapy combined with fluoropyrimidines versus irinotecan alone for overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with advanced and/or metastatic colorectal cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;2:CD008593. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008593.pub3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wulaningsih W., Wardhana A., Watkins J. et al. Irinotecan chemotherapy combined with fluoropyrimidines versus irinotecan alone for overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with advanced and/or metastatic colorectal cancer // Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2016. Vol. 2. P. CD008593. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008593.pub3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clarke SJ, Yip S, Brown C, et al. Single-agent irinotecan or FOLFIRI as second-line chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer; results of a randomised phase II study (DaVINCI) and meta-analysis [corrected]. Eur J Cancer. 2011;47(12):1826–1836. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2011.04.024</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clarke S.J., Yip S., Brown C. et al. Single-agent irinotecan or FOLFIRI as second-line chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer; results of a randomised phase II study (DaVINCI) and meta-analysis [corrected] // Eur. J. Cancer. 2011. Vol. 47, No. 12. P. 1826–1836. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2011.04.024</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stein A, Voigt W, Jordan K. Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea: pathophysiology, frequency and guideline-based management. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2010;2(1):51–63. DOI: 10.1177/1758834009355164</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stein A., Voigt W., Jordan K. Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea: pathophysiology, frequency and guideline-based management // Ther. Adv. Med. Oncol. 2010. Vol. 2, No. 1. P. 51–63. DOI: 10.1177/1758834009355164</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen E, Abu-Sbeih H, Thirumurthi S, et al. Clinical characteristics of colitis induced by taxane-based chemotherapy. Ann Gastroenterol. 2020;33(1):59–67. DOI: 10.20524/aog.2019.0431</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen E., Abu-Sbeih H., Thirumurthi S. et al. Clinical characteristics of colitis induced by taxane-based chemotherapy // Ann. Gastroenterol. 2020. Vol. 33, No. 1. P. 59–67. DOI: 10.20524/aog.2019.0431</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cherny NI. Evaluation and management of treatment-related diarrhea in patients with advanced cancer: a review. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2008;36(4):413–423. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2007.10.007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cherny N.I. Evaluation and management of treatment-related diarrhea in patients with advanced cancer: a review // J. Pain Symptom Manage. 2008. Vol. 36, No. 4. P. 413–423. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2007.10.007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shaikh DH, Baiomi A, Mehershahi S, et al. Paclitaxel-induced bowel perforation: a rare cause of acute abdomen. Case Rep Gastroenterol. 2020;14(3):687–694. DOI: 10.1159/000510131</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaikh D.H., Baiomi A., Mehershahi S. et al. Paclitaxel-induced bowel perforation: a rare cause of acute abdomen // Case Rep. Gastroenterol. 2020. Vol. 14, No. 3. P. 687–694. DOI: 10.1159/000510131</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aapro M, Tjulandin S, Bhar P, Gradishar W. Weekly nab-paclitaxel is safe and effective in ≥65 years old patients with metastatic breast cancer: a post-hoc analysis. Breast. 2011;20(5):468–474. DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2011.07.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aapro M., Tjulandin S., Bhar P., Gradishar W. Weekly nab-paclitaxel is safe and effective in ≥65 years old patients with metastatic breast cancer: a post-hoc analysis // Breast. 2011. Vol. 20, No. 5. P. 468–474. DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2011.07.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dranitsaris G, Yu B, King J, et al. Nab-paclitaxel, docetaxel, or solvent-based paclitaxel in metastatic breast cancer: a cost-utility analysis from a Chinese health care perspective. Clinicoecon Outcomes Res. 2015;7:249–256. DOI: 10.2147 / CEOR.S82194</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dranitsaris G., Yu B., King J. et al. Nab-paclitaxel, docetaxel, or solvent-based paclitaxel in metastatic breast cancer: a cost-utility analysis from a Chinese health care perspective // Clinicoecon. Outcomes Res. 2015. Vol. 7. P. 249–256. DOI: 10.2147 / CEOR.S82194</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Bono JS, Oudard S, Ozguroglu M, et al. Prednisone plus cabazitaxel or mitoxantrone for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer progressing after docetaxel treatment: a randomised open-label trial. Lancet. 2010;376(9747):1147–1154. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61389-X</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Bono J.S., Oudard S., Ozguroglu M. et al. Prednisone plus cabazitaxel or mitoxantrone for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer progressing after docetaxel treatment: a randomised open-label trial // Lancet. 2010. Vol. 376, No. 9747. P. 1147–1154. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61389-X</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nieuweboer AJ, de Graan AM, Hamberg P, et al. Effects of budesonide on cabazitaxel pharmacokinetics and cabazitaxel-induced diarrhea: a randomized, open-label multicenter phase II study. Clin Cancer Res. 2017;23(7):1679–1683. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-2110</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nieuweboer A.J., de Graan A.M., Hamberg P. et al. Effects of budesonide on cabazitaxel pharmacokinetics and cabazitaxel-induced diarrhea: a randomized, open-label multicenter phase II study // Clin. Cancer Res. 2017. Vol. 23, No. 7. P. 1679–1683. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-2110</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Venkatesh P, Kasi A. Anthracyclines. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL). StatPearls Publishing; 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Venkatesh P., Kasi A. Anthracyclines [Internet] // StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL). StatPearls Publishing, 2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McQuade RM, Stojanovska V, Abalo R, et al. Chemotherapy-induced constipation and diarrhea: pathophysiology, current and emerging treatments. Front Pharmacol. 2016;7:414. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00414</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McQuade R.M., Stojanovska V., Abalo R. et al. Chemotherapy-induced constipation and diarrhea: pathophysiology, current and emerging treatments // Front. Pharmacol. 2016. Vol. 7. P. 414. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00414</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pessi MA, Zilembo N, Haspinger ER, et al. Targeted therapy-induced diarrhea: A review of the literature. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2014;90(2):165–179. DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.11.008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pessi M.A., Zilembo N., Haspinger E.R. et al. Targeted therapy-induced diarrhea: A review of the literature // Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 2014. Vol. 90, No. 2. P. 165–179. DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.11.008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Secombe KR, Van Sebille YZA, Mayo BJ, et al. Diarrhea induced by small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors compared with chemotherapy: potential role of the microbiome. Integr Cancer Ther. 2020;19:1534735420928493. DOI: 10.1177/1534735420928493</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Secombe K.R., Van Sebille Y.Z.A., Mayo B.J. et al. Diarrhea induced by small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors compared with chemotherapy: potential role of the microbiome // Integr. Cancer Ther. 2020. Vol. 19. P. 1534735420928493. DOI: 10.1177/1534735420928493</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang JC, Reguart N, Barinoff J, et al. Diarrhea associated with afatinib: an oral ErbB family blocker. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2013;13(6):729–736. DOI: 10.1586/era.13.31</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang J.C., Reguart N., Barinoff J. et al. Diarrhea associated with afatinib: an oral ErbB family blocker // Expert. Rev. Anticancer Ther. 2013. Vol. 13, No. 6. P. 729–736. DOI: 10.1586/era.13.31</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B45"><label>45.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peterson ME. Management of adverse events in patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer treated with everolimus: observations from a phase III clinical trial. Support Care Cancer. 2013;21(8):2341–2349. DOI: 10.1007/s00520-013-1826-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peterson M.E. Management of adverse events in patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer treated with everolimus: observations from a phase III clinical trial // Support Care Cancer. 2013. Vol. 21, No. 8. P. 2341–2349. DOI: 10.1007/s00520-013-1826-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B46"><label>46.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chan DLH, Segelov E, Wong RS, et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;6(6):CD007047. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007047.pub2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chan D.L.H., Segelov E., Wong R.S. et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors for metastatic colorectal cancer // Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2017. Vol. 6, No. 6. P. CD007047. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007047.pub2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B47"><label>47.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sim EH, Yang IA, Wood-Baker R, et al. Gefitinib for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;1(1):CD006847. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006847.pub2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sim E.H., Yang I.A., Wood-Baker R. et al. Gefitinib for advanced non-small cell lung cancer // Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2018. Vol. 1, No. 1. P. CD006847. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006847.pub2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B48"><label>48.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Greenhalgh J, Boland A, Bates V, et al. First-line treatment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021;3(3):CD010383. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010383.pub3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greenhalgh J., Boland A., Bates V. et al. First-line treatment of advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer // Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2021. Vol. 3, No. 3. P. CD010383. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010383.pub3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B49"><label>49.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang JC, Hirsh V, Schuler M, et al. Symptom control and quality of life in LUX-Lung 3: a phase III study of afatinib or cisplatin/pemetrexed in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31(27):3342–3350. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2012.46.1764</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang J.C., Hirsh V., Schuler M. et al. Symptom control and quality of life in LUX-Lung 3: a phase III study of afatinib or cisplatin/pemetrexed in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations // J. Clin. Oncol. 2013. Vol. 31, No. 27. P. 3342–3350. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2012.46.1764</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B50"><label>50.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu YL, Zhou C, Hu CP, et al. Afatinib versus cisplatin plus gemcitabine for first-line treatment of Asian patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer harbouring EGFR mutations (LUX-Lung 6): an open-label, randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15(2):213–222. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70604-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu Y.L., Zhou C., Hu C.P. et al. Afatinib versus cisplatin plus gemcitabine for first-line treatment of Asian patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer harbouring EGFR mutations (LUX-Lung 6): an open-label, randomised phase 3 trial // Lancet Oncol. 2014. Vol. 15, No. 2. P. 213–222. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70604-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B51"><label>51.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giaccone G, Herbst RS, Manegold C, et al. Gefitinib in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase III trial--INTACT 1. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22(5):777–784. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2004.08.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giaccone G., Herbst R.S., Manegold C. et al. Gefitinib in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase III trial--INTACT 1 // J. Clin. Oncol. 2004. Vol. 22, No. 5. P. 777–784. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2004.08.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B52"><label>52.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Herbst RS, Giaccone G, Schiller JH, et al. Gefitinib in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase III trial--INTACT 2. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22(5):785–794. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2004.07.215</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Herbst R.S., Giaccone G., Schiller J.H. et al. Gefitinib in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase III trial--INTACT 2 // J. Clin. Oncol. 2004. Vol. 22, No. 5. P. 785–794. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2004.07.215</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B53"><label>53.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu YL, Saijo N, Thongprasert S, et al. Efficacy according to blind independent central review: Post-hoc analyses from the phase III, randomized, multicenter, IPASS study of first-line gefitinib versus carboplatin/paclitaxel in Asian patients with EGFR mutation-positive advanced NSCLC. Lung Cancer. 2017;104:119–125. DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2016.11.022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu Y.L., Saijo N., Thongprasert S. et al. Efficacy according to blind independent central review: Post-hoc analyses from the phase III, randomized, multicenter, IPASS study of first-line gefitinib versus carboplatin/paclitaxel in Asian patients with EGFR mutation-positive advanced NSCLC // Lung Cancer. 2017. Vol. 104. P. 119–125. DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2016.11.022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B54"><label>54.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu YL, Fukuoka M, Mok TS, et al. Tumor response and health-related quality of life in clinically selected patients from Asia with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated with first-line gefitinib: post hoc analyses from the IPASS study. Lung Cancer. 2013;81(2):280–287. DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2013.03.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu Y.L., Fukuoka M., Mok T.S. et al. Tumor response and health-related quality of life in clinically selected patients from Asia with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated with first-line gefitinib: post hoc analyses from the IPASS study // Lung Cancer. 2013. Vol. 81, No. 2. P. 280–287. DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2013.03.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B55"><label>55.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thongprasert S, Duffield E, Saijo N, et al. Health-related quality-of-life in a randomized phase III first-line study of gefitinib versus carboplatin/paclitaxel in clinically selected patients from Asia with advanced NSCLC (IPASS). J Thorac Oncol. 2011;6(11):1872–1880. DOI: 10.1097/JTO.0b013e31822adaf7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thongprasert S., Duffield E., Saijo N. et al. Health-related quality-of-life in a randomized phase III first-line study of gefitinib versus carboplatin/paclitaxel in clinically selected patients from Asia with advanced NSCLC (IPASS) // J. Thorac. Oncol. 2011. Vol. 6, No. 11. P. 1872–1880. DOI: 10.1097/JTO.0b013e31822adaf7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B56"><label>56.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shi YK, Wang L, Han BH, et al. First-line icotinib versus cisplatin/pemetrexed plus pemetrexed maintenance therapy for patients with advanced EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma (CONVINCE): a phase 3, open-label, randomized study. Ann Oncol. 2017;28(10):2443–2450. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx359</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shi Y.K., Wang L., Han B.H. et al. First-line icotinib versus cisplatin/pemetrexed plus pemetrexed maintenance therapy for patients with advanced EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma (CONVINCE): a phase 3, open-label, randomized study // Ann. Oncol. 2017. Vol. 28, No. 10. P. 2443–2450. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx359</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B57"><label>57.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen YM, Tsai CM, Fan WC, et al. Phase II randomized trial of erlotinib or vinorelbine in chemonaive, advanced, non-small cell lung cancer patients aged 70 years or older. J Thorac Oncol. 2012;7(2):412–418. DOI: 10.1097/JTO.0b013e31823a39e8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Y.M., Tsai C.M., Fan W.C. et al. Phase II randomized trial of erlotinib or vinorelbine in chemonaive, advanced, non-small cell lung cancer patients aged 70 years or older // J. Thorac. Oncol. 2012. Vol. 7, No. 2. P. 412–418. DOI: 10.1097/JTO.0b013e31823a39e8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B58"><label>58.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosell R, Carcereny E, Gervais R, et al. Erlotinib versus standard chemotherapy as first-line treatment for European patients with advanced EGFR mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (EURTAC): a multicentre, open-label, randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2012;13(3):239–246. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(11)70393-X</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosell R., Carcereny E., Gervais R. et al. Erlotinib versus standard chemotherapy as first-line treatment for European patients with advanced EGFR mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (EURTAC): a multicentre, open-label, randomised phase 3 trial // Lancet Oncol. 2012. Vol. 13, No. 3. P. 239–246. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(11)70393-X</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B59"><label>59.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Heigener DF, Deppermann KM, Pawel JV, et al. Open, randomized, multi-center phase II study comparing efficacy and tolerability of Erlotinib vs. Carboplatin/Vinorelbin in elderly patients (&gt;70 years of age) with untreated non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2014;84(1):62–66. DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2014.01.024</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Heigener D.F., Deppermann K.M., Pawel J.V. et al. Open, randomized, multi-center phase II study comparing efficacy and tolerability of Erlotinib vs. Carboplatin/Vinorelbin in elderly patients (&gt;70 years of age) with untreated non-small cell lung cancer // Lung Cancer. 2014. Vol. 84, No. 1. P. 62–66. DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2014.01.024</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B60"><label>60.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee SM, Khan I, Upadhyay S, et al. First-line erlotinib in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer unsuitable for chemotherapy (TOPICAL): a double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2012;13(11):1161–1170. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70412-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee S.M., Khan I., Upadhyay S. et al. First-line erlotinib in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer unsuitable for chemotherapy (TOPICAL): a double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial // Lancet Oncol. 2012. Vol. 13, No. 11. P. 1161–1170. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70412-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B61"><label>61.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee A, Arasaratnam M, Chan DLH, et al. Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy for glioblastoma in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;5(5):CD013238. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD013238.pub2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee A., Arasaratnam M., Chan D.L.H. et al. Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy for glioblastoma in adults // Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2020. Vol. 5, No. 5. P. CD013238. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD013238.pub2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B62"><label>62.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jiao J, Li C, Yu G, et al. Efficacy of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the management of malignant ascites. World J Surg Oncol. 2020;18(1):180. DOI: 10.1186/s12957-020-01956-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jiao J., Li C., Yu G. et al. Efficacy of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the management of malignant ascites // World J. Surg. Oncol. 2020. Vol. 18, No. 1. P. 180. DOI: 10.1186/s12957-020-01956-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B63"><label>63.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baratelli C, Zichi C, Di Maio M, et al. A systematic review of the safety profile of the different combinations of fluoropyrimidines and oxaliplatin in the treatment of colorectal cancer patients. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2018;122:21–29. DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.12.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baratelli C., Zichi C., Di Maio M. et al. A systematic review of the safety profile of the different combinations of fluoropyrimidines and oxaliplatin in the treatment of colorectal cancer patients // Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 2018. Vol. 122. P. 21–29. DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.12.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B64"><label>64.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haanen JBAG, Carbonnel F, Robert C, et al. Management of toxicities from immunotherapy: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2017;28(suppl_4):iv119–iv142. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx225</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haanen J.B.A.G., Carbonnel F., Robert C. et al. Management of toxicities from immunotherapy: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up // Ann. Oncol. 2017. Vol. 28, No. suppl_4. P. iv119–iv142. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx225</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B65"><label>65.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loranskaya ID. Diareya pri zabolevaniyakh organov pishchevareniya [Internet]. Lechashchiy vrach. 2007. Available from: https://www.lvrach.ru/2007/06/4535302. Accessed: Aug 13, 2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лоранская И.Д. Диарея при заболеваниях органов пищеварения [Электронный ресурс] // Журнал лечащий врач. 2007. Режим доступа: https://www.lvrach.ru/2007/06/4535302. Дата обращения: 13.08.2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B66"><label>66.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goldkuhle M, Dimaki M, Gartlehner G, et al. Nivolumab for adults with Hodgkin’s lymphoma (a rapid review using the software RobotReviewer). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;7(7):CD012556. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012556.pub2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goldkuhle M., Dimaki M., Gartlehner G. et al. Nivolumab for adults with Hodgkin’s lymphoma (a rapid review using the software RobotReviewer) // Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2018. Vol. 7, No. 7. P. CD012556. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012556.pub2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B67"><label>67.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Armand P, Engert A, Younes A, et al. Nivolumab for relapsed/refractory classic hodgkin lymphoma after failure of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation: extended follow-up of the multicohort single-arm phase II checkmate 205 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(14):1428–1439. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2017.76.0793</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Armand P., Engert A., Younes A. et al. Nivolumab for relapsed/refractory classic hodgkin lymphoma after failure of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation: extended follow-up of the multicohort single-arm phase II checkmate 205 trial // J. Clin. Oncol. 2018. Vol. 36, No. 14. P. 1428–1439. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2017.76.0793</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B68"><label>68.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Slangen RM, van den Eertwegh AJ, van Bodegraven AA, de Boer NKh. Diarrhoea in a patient with metastatic melanoma: Ipilimumab ileocolitis treated with infliximab. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. 2013;4(3):80–82. DOI: 10.4292/wjgpt.v4.i3.80</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Slangen R.M., van den Eertwegh A.J., van Bodegraven A.A., de Boer N.Kh. Diarrhoea in a patient with metastatic melanoma: Ipilimumab ileocolitis treated with infliximab // World J. Gastrointest. Pharmacol. Ther. 2013. Vol. 4, No. 3. P. 80–82. DOI: 10.4292/wjgpt.v4.i3.80</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B69"><label>69.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Felice KM, Gupta A, Rakshit S, et al. Ipilimumab-induced colitis in patients with metastatic melanoma. Melanoma Res. 2015;25(4):321–327. DOI: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000165</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Felice K.M., Gupta A., Rakshit S. et al. Ipilimumab-induced colitis in patients with metastatic melanoma // Melanoma Res. 2015. Vol. 25, No. 4. P. 321–327. DOI: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000165</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B70"><label>70.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mocellin S, Goodwin A, Pasquali S. Risk-reducing medications for primary breast cancer: a network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;4(4):CD012191. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012191.pub2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mocellin S., Goodwin A., Pasquali S. Risk-reducing medications for primary breast cancer: a network meta-analysis // Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2019. Vol. 4, No. 4. P. CD012191. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012191.pub2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B71"><label>71.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee HY, Lee YH, Kim MJ, Kim HK. Secondary prophylaxis of docetaxel induced diarrhea with loperamide: case report. J Korean Med Sci. 2013;28(10):1549–1551. DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2013.28.10.1549</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee H.Y., Lee Y.H., Kim M.J., Kim H.K. Secondary prophylaxis of docetaxel induced diarrhea with loperamide: case report // J. Korean Med. Sci. 2013. Vol. 28, No. 10. P. 1549–1551. DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2013.28.10.1549</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B72"><label>72.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lawrie TA, Green JT, Beresford M, et al. Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic cancers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;1(1):CD012529. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012529.pub2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lawrie T.A., Green J.T., Beresford M. et al. Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic cancers // Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2018. Vol. 1, No. 1. P. CD012529. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012529.pub2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
