Vol 108, No 8 (2019)

The paper deals with the entropic and statistical analysis of losses in heat exchangers for air cooling and heating in a central air conditioner. The air temperature and humidity at inlet/outlet of heat exchangers was measured. The methodology of losses identification using the entropic and statistical method was examined; the losses due to imperfect heat exchange as well as hydraulic losses in these heat exchange apparatuses were calculated. The results obtained were compared; the diagrams of distribution of constituting losses were presented; the conclusions as regards the ways to reduce losses were made up.

Microwaves processing (UHF) is a method of heat treatment of raw materials to preserve a food product quality. The degree of inhibition by microwave blanching of oxidationreduction processes leading to browning of potato tissues when preparing for quick freezing was studied. To control the effectiveness of microwave processing as an antiseptic factor during preparation and storage of fruit and vegetable raw materials, an experimental method for definition of the activity of oxydoreductases at cut potato blanching was tested. This process limits the changes of raw materials as well as those of finished produce of quick freezing when storing. The regimes of microwave processing reducing unfavorable changes of the product tissues (browning, etc.) have been defined. The thermal treatment of cut potatoes using microwave energy was compared with traditional water blanching.

At present the sixth economic structure, characterized by the use of high technologies, is being formed in the world. In this regard, the problem of organizing works on scientific and technical prognostication of technologies and equipment development in the sectors of agroindustrial complex of Russia is extremely urgent. The method of engineering prognostication is effective to solve this problem; it makes it possible to process different information sources including research and development materials, articles, dissertations, monographs, papers, patents etc. by transforming the qualitative description of an object into its quantitative estimation. Thanks to it the use of parametric and nonparametric information is possible when prognosticating. The methodical prognostication is based on the compilation of general identification tables the processing of which and subsequent calculation of the technical level of a technological or technical solution estimated will allow establishing the category of its availability. And so, the directions of the most appropriate development of equipment and technology as well as the vector of research and development may be defined, i.e. they may be predicted for the future.