Hydrate Formation in Gas-Saturated Layers of Amorphous Ice with Crystalline Nuclei

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Abstract

The formation of propane hydrate in gas-saturated condensates of amorphous ice in the presence of nucleated crystals has been studied. Amorphous gas-saturated layers were obtained by condensation of supersonic flows of rarefied vapor and gas on a liquid nitrogen cooled substrate. Samples were prepared using both parallel flows with orientation normal to the substrate and at an angle to it towards each other. The formation of ice nanocrystals during adiabatic expansion of the vapor flow at the supersonic nozzle exit ensured their presence in the condensates. Changes in the specific surface density (porosity) of amorphous gas-saturated condensates at changing the orientation of flows with respect to the substrate and the presence of nucleated crystals in nonequilibrium condensates affect their stability and crystallization kinetics. Under conditions of deep metastability, a spontaneous crystallization mode with the capture of adsorbed gas molecules and the formation of gas hydrate is realized. The crystallized condensates contained high gas content exceeding its value for hydrate in the equilibrium state. Excessive gas content indicates the presence of gas in the intergranular space and porous medium of the sample.

About the authors

M. Z. Faizullin

Institute of Thermal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: faizullin@itpuran.ru
Ekaterinburg, Russia

A. S. Tomin

Institute of Thermal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Ekaterinburg, Russia

A. V. Vinogradov

Institute of Thermal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Ekaterinburg, Russia

V. P. Koverda

Institute of Thermal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Ekaterinburg, Russia

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