Colloidal-graphite suspension based on thermally expanded graphite

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Abstract

Currently, modified oxidized (intercalated) graphites and thermally expanded graphites obtained from them are used in solving many applied problems. This is due to the fact that while retaining all the properties of layered graphite compounds, split graphite particles have important new properties, such as ease of molding, low bulk density, and active interaction with the polymer matrix. However, the question of the mechanisms of expansion of oxidized graphite and the properties of thermally expanded graphite particles split into layers has not been sufficiently studied. The establishment of experimental patterns of expansion processes of graphite oxidized by acids contributes to the understanding of the set of stages of complex processes occurring during the expansion of graphite particles in a gas atmosphere and in polymer matrices. The purpose of the work was to synthesize a colloidal-graphite suspension based on thermally expanded graphite particles, to study the properties of suspensions and expansion processes of oxidized graphite during thermal and microwave heating. As a result of modifying thermally expanded graphite with low bulk density in activating media, colloidal graphite suspensions are synthesized without a vibration grinding stage. The splitting of graphite materials after chemical modification by thermal and microwave-stimulated heating leads to the formation of graphene-like structures. The development of techniques for modifying electrically conductive porous samples of materials used as electrodes makes it possible to introduce nanographite particles under the influence of an electric field.

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About the authors

V. N. Gorshenev

Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: gor@sky.chph.ras.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Samples of graphite materials based on colloidal graphite suspension from TRG: a – graphite film dried from the supernatant suspension as a result of washing with water and centrifugation (film from KG/TRG); b – thermally expanded graphite obtained as a result of heat treatment of the film at T = 350 °C (return to TRG).

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3. Fig. 2. Exothermic effects during thermally stimulated heating of highly oxidized TO-3 and TRG: a – DSC dependences for TO-3; b – DSC dependences for TRG.

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4. Fig. 3. Comparison of micrographs of thermally expanded graphites after thermally stimulated heating: after weak (a) and strong (b) oxidation; c, d – individual sections of graphite particles split under the action of microwave radiation (in a microwave oven) to graphene fragments.

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5. Fig. 4. Results of the movement of highly oxidized graphite particles of the OG/TRG suspension under the action of an electric field. It is seen that the particles move toward the positive electrode. The reduction of the graphite particles and expansion led to the formation of a graphite layer on the surface of the water layer.

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