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No 2 (2024)
Articles
RETROSPECTIVE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC APPLIED PHOTOVOLTAICS AND ITS TECHNOLOGICAL SUPPORT
Abstract
The article describes the basic technological modes of production of photovoltaic converters based on silicon (including amorphous hydrogenated silicon) and AIIIBV materials, as well as solar cells based on them for power supply of spacecrafts. The description is made in the chronological order of change of five silicon technologies. Emphasis is placed on the presentation of design features of devices and related technological solutions, as well as related production equipment.
Energiia: ekonomika, tekhnika, ekologiia. 2024;(2):2-28
2-28
CURRENT STATE SPACE PHOTOVOLTAICS
Abstract
Traditional and perspective designs of photovoltaic converters (PECs) are analyzed. It is shown that the choice of PES design and materials directly affects the output characteristics of the solar battery (SB) of a spacecraft (SC), its overall dimensions, as well as the degree of reliability of the spacecraft power supply system depending on the operated orbit. The use of Si-based FEPs provides a balance of high efficiency and low cost of the BS for low orbits for 5-7 years. The use of FEPs based on semiconductor materials AIIIBV due to their more advanced characteristics is most justified for orbits with harsh operating conditions for 15 years and more. It is shown that the main direction of FEP improvement in terms of semiconductor structure is aimed at reducing its thickness (mass) and increasing the number of cascades, which contributes to improving the radiation resistance of the device as a whole.
Energiia: ekonomika, tekhnika, ekologiia. 2024;(2):29-45
29-45
PROSPECTS DEVELOPMENT SOLAR ENERGY
Abstract
Solar energy is one of the most promising areas of renewable energy development. By the beginning of 2023, the total installed capacity of solar panels in the world exceeded 1,175 GW with annual growth in 2022 of 239 GW, which is 45% higher than the annual growth of installed capacity in 2021. Due to this, solar energy has achieved competitiveness (parity) with grid electricity in a number of "sunny" regions of the world without additional measures of state support. Crystalline silicon remains the main material of photovoltaic converters for ground-mounted solar modules in the world: more than 95% of all modules are made on the basis of crystalline silicon. This review is devoted to the prospects for the development of this area.
Energiia: ekonomika, tekhnika, ekologiia. 2024;(2):46-68
46-68