History of patients with new coronavirus infection and preterm birth

Purpose. To study the anamnesis of patients who have suffered a new coronavirus infection (NCI) and preterm birth (PB).

Material and methods. A retrospective study of the anamnesis of patients who underwent NCI in the second half of pregnancy and PB was carried out in the period from May 2020 to December 2021. The division into groups was carried out taking into account the timing of delivery: Group 1 (n=104) – term birth at 37 weeks of gestation and later; Group 2 (n=44) – PB from 22 to 36+6 weeks of gestation.

Results. The combination of diseases such as chronic bronchitis, maxillary sinusitis and bronchial asthma increased the risk of PB against the background of NCI by 3.4 times (95% confidence interval [CI] – 2.65–4.39). Among extragenital diseases, opisthorchiasis was detected 4.7 times more often in patients with PB (95% CI – 1.308–17.097). In group 2, compared with group 1, among pregnancy complications, moderate anemia was 6.5 times more likely to be observed (95% CI – 1.2–35.1). PB were due to the severe course of COVID pneumonia and its progression, the serious condition of the woman, which required the prescription of etiotropic therapy. In this regard, the probability of cesarean section in group 2 was 12.6 times higher (95% CI – 4.2–37.8) compared to group 1.