The phenotypic and functional characteristics of phagocytes in the blood of premature infants in the early neonatal period


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Abstract

Objective. To evaluate the specific features of the subpopulation composition and functional activity of white blood cells in premature infants at birth and in the early neonatal period depending on gestational age and the presence of congenital infectious pathology. Subject and methods. This prospective study was performed using the umbilical cord blood samples obtained from 43 premature infants, 24 of whom were found to have symptoms of congenital infectious disease; a control group consisted of 8 healthy full-term infants. The white blood cells were phenotyped by flow cytofluorometry applying monoclonal antibodies to the markers CD95, CD45, CD14, CD11b, CD16, cD64, CD38, and HLA-DR. The rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by whole blood cells was estimated by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. Results. There was a correlation of the levels of activated phagocytes and their ability to produce ROS depending on gestational age. The presence of infectious disease does not reflect on the expression of the differentiated phagocytes detectable with the markers; yet it affects the functional activity of ROS-producing umbilical cord blood cells. The early neonatal period is characterized by the higher rate of expression of activated markers on granulocytes and by enhanced cell functional activity. The innate immunity of premature infants with intrauterine infection was shown to develop more rapidly than that of non-infected babies; moreover, there was monocyte pool exhaustion with the activated mechanisms of immune defense in the neonates exposed to pathogens in utero.

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About the authors

Anastasia Sergeevna Belyaeva

Academician V.I. Kulakov Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: a_belyaeva@oparina4.ru
Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology

Ekaterina Nikolaevna Balashova

Academician V.I. Kulakov Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: e_balashova@oparina4.ru
PhD, Head for Clinical Affairs, Resuscitation and Neonatal Intensive Care, Department of Neonatology and Pediatrics

Lyudmila Viktorovna Vanko

Academician V.I. Kulakov Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: l_vanko@oparina4.ru
MD, Professor, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology

Natalia Konstantinovna Matveeva

Academician V.I. Kulakov Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: n_matveeva@oparina4.ru
PhD, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology

Ol’ga Vladimirovna Milaya

Academician V.I. Kulakov Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: o_milaya@oparina4.ru
graduate student, Resuscitation and Neonatal Intensive Care, Department of Neonatology and Pediatrics

Lyubov’ Valentinovna Krechetova

Academician V.I. Kulakov Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: l_krechetova@oparina4.ru
PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Clinical Immunology

Oleg Vadimovich Ionov

Academician V.I. Kulakov Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: o_ionov@oparina4.ru
MD, Head of the Resuscitation and Neonatal Intensive Care, Department of Neonatology and Pediatrics

Viktor Vasil’evich Zubkov

Academician V.I. Kulakov Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: v_zubkov@oparina4.ru
MD, Head of the Department of Neonatology and Pediatrics

Dmitrij Nikolaevich Degtyarev

Academician V.I. Kulakov Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Email: d_degtiarev@oparina4.ru
MD, professor, Deputy Director for Science

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