Impact of obesity and excessive gestational weight gain on birth outcomes

Background. Fat metabolism disorders in reproductive-aged women are becoming a pandemic and are one of the most important causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. In addition, clarifying the contribution of gestational weight gain to birth outcomes will also promote the optimization of obstetric tactics. Material and methods. A total of 179 pregnant women were examined and delivered, divided into 4 groups and subgroups according to initial body weight and normal/excessive gestational weight gain. The data obtained were entered into the Microsoft Excel database. The results were statistically processed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software package. Results. The most vulnerable group of patients with premorbid obesity (group III) was identified in terms of intranatal and neonatal complications. The same group was noted to have the highest incidence of delivery complications and birth trauma, which requires that the obstetric tactics should be revised to more actively manage the labor process. Conclusion. The findings require the elaboration of differentiated approaches to managing childbirth depending on the degree of obesity and gestational weight gain, which will improve obstetric care quality and obstetric and perinatal indicators.

obesity, gestational weight gain, uterine inertia, birth traumatism, birth trauma