Impact of anemia in pregnant women on the health status of their premature babies with very low and extremely low birth weight


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Abstract

Objective. To evaluate the impact of anemia during pregnancy in women on the health status of their premature newborns with very low and extremely low birth weight (VLBWand ELBW). Subjects and methods. A one-stage comparative study was conducted at the V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology in January 2017 to November 2018. It enrolled 105 women and their premature neonatal infants with VLBW and ELBW, who were divided into 2 groups: 1) VLBW and ELBW babies born to women who had anemia of varying severity during pregnancy (n = 38) and 2) those born to women without anem ia during pregnancy (n = 67). Results. The examined groups of newborns showed statistical differences in gestational age that was 1 week less in Group 1 than in Group 2 (p = 0.004). There were no statistically significant differences in birth weight and height; data on 1 and 5 minute Apgar scores were not obtained in both groups. The death rates were higher in Group 1 than in Group 2; however, there were no statistically signif icant differences (p = 0.093). The frequency of early transfusions of red blood cell and blood components (within the first week of life) was significantly higher in Group 1 babies (p = 0.01). The relative rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia was higher in Group 1 than in Group 2; there was a tendency towards statistical signif icance of differences (p = 0.06). Comparison of outcomes, such as congenital infection, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, retinopathy of prematurity, and other diseases, revealed no significant differences in Groups 1 and 2. Conclusion. Anemia during pregnancy in women who have given birth to VLBW and ELBW babies is associated with a lower gestational age and with the course of the neonatal period of premature infants, in particular, those with a more frequent need for early blood transfusions.

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About the authors

D. R Sharafutdinova

Academician V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: dikarush@gmail.com
graduate student of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit named by professor Antonov A.G. of the Institute of neonatology and pediatrics

E. N Balashova

Academician V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: katbal99@gmail.com
PhD, Chief of clinicians of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit named by professor Antonov A.G. of the Institute of neonatology and pediatrics

O. V Ionov

Academician V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: o_ionov@oparina4.ru
Ph.D., Head of the of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit named by professor Antonov A.G. of the Institute of neonatology and pediatrics

A. R Kirtbaya

Academician V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: a_kirtbaya@oparina4.ru
PhD, Chief of clinicians of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit named by professor Antonov A.G. of the Institute of neonatology and pediatrics; gynecology and perinatology Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Associate Professor of Neonatology Department at the Faculty of Pediatrics

Yu. M Golubtsova

Academician V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: yugolubtsova@yandex.ru
Ph.D., associate professor of the department, manager educational part of the Department of Neonatology Pediatric Faculty

S. V Pavlovich

Academician V. I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: s_pavlovich@oparina4.ru
Ph.D., academic secretary

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