Endometriosis and cancer


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Abstract

Based on the data of foreign and Russian articles, this review comparatively analyzes the pathogenesis of endometriosis and cancer. It has been established that endometriosis, especially its infiltrative forms, has many properties in common with cancer: uncontrolled growth and multifocal localizations of endometrioid implants, reduced apoptosis, metastasis to the lymph nodes and spread inside and outside the abdominal cavity, penetration into the surrounding tissues, stimulation of non-angiogenesis, as well as chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. The endometrioid implants show genetic and epigenetic mutations involved in oncogenic transformation. Enhanced angiogenesis required for cell growth is the most important sign of a malignant tumor. The same increased level of angiogenic factors is also found in the tissues of deep infiltrative endometriosis. Antiangiogenic therapy effectively suppresses endometrioid tissue growth and reduces pain. Women with endometriosis have an increased incidence of malignant neoplasms, which indicates the similarity of their pathogenesis and common environmental molecular and genetic risk factors. Conclusion. When aggregating these data, it becomes possible to consider endometriosis in the context of oncogenesis, wh ich opens up new possibilities of drug therapy.

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About the authors

Shakhnoza K. Muftaydinova

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: shaxnozka_87@mail.ru
PhD student

Natalia A. Buralkina

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: n_buralkina@oparina4.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., senior researcher, Surgical Department

Leonid Z. Faizullin

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Cand. Bio. Sci., leading researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Methods

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