Polycystic ovary syndrome and gut microbiota


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Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disease. Its frequency varies from 6 to 19.9%, depending on the diagnostic criteria used. PCOS is associated with a high risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms for its development are not fully clear; therefore, the relevant issue is to search for the new components of the pathogenesis of the disease, which may predict the development of the pathological process, as well as the predictors for the efficiency of the prescribed therapy. The review presents recent studies establishing an association between the impaired gut microbial composition and the metabolic and clinical manifestations of PCOS. It is supposed that gut dysbiosis may be a potential pathogenetic factor in the development of PCOS, whereas normalization of the gut microbiota may improve the hormonal and metabolic prof iles in these patients. The imbalance of useful and harmful intestinal bacteria can lead to increased intestinal wall permeability and the release of toxins into the bloodstream, which causes chronic subclinical inflammation that contributes to the development of insulin resistance, followed by androgen hyperproduction, impaired folliculogenesis, and the development of PCOS. This review considers the new approaches to treating the syndrome, which are aimed at correcting the gut microbiota, subsequently normalizing the hormonal balance, insulin resistance, and restoring the rhythm of menstruation.

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About the authors

Galina E. Chernukha

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: c-galinal@yandex.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of Gynecological Endocrinology

Ekaterina D. Miroshina

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: emiroshina.md@gmail.com
postgraduate student, Department of endocrinological gynecology

Tatiana V. Priputnevich

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: priputl@gmail.com
Dr. Med. Sci., Head of the Microbiology, Clinical Pharmacology and Epidemiology Department

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