Risk factors for birth injury


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Abstract

An analysis of literature reviews over the past 15 years has shown that, being generally a rare childbirth complication, birth trauma does not lose its relevance due to not only medical and social aspects, but also legal ones. The prevalence of birth trauma varies between 0.2 and 6%, and depends on the risk factors of this complication. There are many risk factors that favor the development of fetal damages during childbirth, most of which occur antenatally, particularly those caused by pregnancy complications (macrosomia, postmaturity, premature birth), extragenital disease (diabetes mellitus), infections, and placental pathology (chorioamnionitis). Of vital importance are childbirth complications: difficult delivery (shoulder dystocia), instrumental vaginal delivery (involving the application of forceps, vacuum extraction of the fetus). Conclusion: Birth injuries generally require urgent care in the delivery room, so knowledge of obstetric risk factors and antenatal conditions associated with this complication is an important aspect in their prevention, timely diagnosis and management tactics.

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About the authors

Elena N. Kravchenko

Omsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: kravchenko.en@mail.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 1

Vladimir N. Serov

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia

Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chief Researcher

Oleg R. Baev

Academician V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)

Email: o_baev@oparina4.ru
Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head of the 1st Maternity Ward; Professor of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology and Reproductology

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